| 火星和地球雅丹形态学类比分析——以埃律西昂平原和柴达木盆地为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 李露露,董治宝,李超,崔徐甲,肖巍强,肖南.火星和地球雅丹形态学类比分析——以埃律西昂平原和柴达木盆地为例[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(4):716-723. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李露露 董治宝 李超 崔徐甲 肖巍强 肖南 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 陕西师范大学 旅游与环境学院, 陕西 西安 710062;2. 陕西师范大学 地理学国家级实验教学示范中心, 陕西 西安 710062;3. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41401310）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（GK201604011，GK201704015） |
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| 摘 要： | 作为一种风蚀地貌，雅丹地貌是对环境长期适应的一种表现，其形态特征可以反映所受内外营力的作用。对火星埃律西昂平原和地球柴达木盆地雅丹体的形态参数进行对比分析。结果显示：（1）埃律西昂平原雅丹体的长宽比（3.49）与柴达木盆地雅丹体的长宽比（3.57）较为接近，同时也与理想状态下的长宽比（4）接近，它们都具有流线型的形态，且处于雅丹体发育的成熟期。（2）柴达木盆地雅丹体是鲸背状，埃律西昂平原雅丹体是椭圆状，原因是柴达木盆地雅丹体常年受盛行风的影响，埃律西昂平原雅丹体受两种反向风的影响。柴达木盆地雅丹体表面崩裂的痕迹不明显，埃律西昂平原雅丹体表面崩裂的痕迹比较明显，原因是形成雅丹体的物质基础和温差环境不同：柴达木盆地雅丹体的物质基础是湖相沉积物，雅丹体表面有减弱风化的盐壳；埃律西昂平原雅丹体的物质基础是火山熔岩流，而且火星的昼夜温差大于地球。
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| 关 键 词： | 雅丹 火星 柴达木盆地 埃律西昂平原 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-04-19 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-05-23 |
Comparison of Yardang Morphology on the Earth and the Mars: taking the Elysium Planitia and the Qaidam Basin for an example |
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| Li Lulu,Dong Zhibao,Li Chao,Cui Xujia,Xiao Weiqiang,Xiao Nan.Comparison of Yardang Morphology on the Earth and the Mars: taking the Elysium Planitia and the Qaidam Basin for an example[J].Journal of Desert Research,2018,38(4):716-723. |
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| Authors: | Li Lulu Dong Zhibao Li Chao Cui Xujia Xiao Weiqiang Xiao Nan |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Tourism and Environment, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China;2. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Geography Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China;3. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China |
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| Abstract: | Yardang is a kind of wind erosion landform, which is a long-term adaptation to the environment. Its morphological characteristics can reflect the effect of its internal and external forces. We compared and analyzed the morphological parameters of the yardang bodies in the Elysium Planitia and the Qaidam Basin in the paper. The results show:(1)The ratio of length to width of yardang bodies in the Elysium Planitia is 3.49, which is close to that (3.57) in the Qaidam Basin and theoretical value (4). The yardang bodies in the Elysium Planitia and the Qaidam Basin have streamlined shape and are in the mature stage. (2)The yardang bodies are whale dorsal in the Qaidam Basin and ellipsoidal in the Elysium Planitia. The reason is that yardang bodies are affected by prevailing winds in the Qaidam Basin and are influenced by two kinds of reverse wind in the Elysium Planitia. The surface of yardang bodies have not obvious signs of split in the Qaidam Basin and have obvious signs of split in the Elysium Planitia. The reason is that they have different material base and temperature environment. The material basis of yardang bodies is lacustrine sediments and the surface has salt encrustation decaying weathering in the Qaidam Basin. However, the material basis of yardang bodies is lava flow in the Elysium Planitia, and the diurnal temperature variation on Mars is larger than on the earth. |
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| Keywords: | Yardang Mars Qaidam Basin Elysium Planitia |
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