Geophysical evidence for cyclic sediment deposition on the southern slope of Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea |
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| Authors: | Qi-Liang Sun Shi-Guo Wu Thomas Lüdmann Bin Wang Tao-Tao Yang |
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| Institution: | (1) Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China;(2) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China;(3) Centre of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;(4) PetroChina Hangzhou Institute of Geology, Hangzhou, 310023, China |
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| Abstract: | Gravity flow deposits form a significant component of the stratigraphic record in ancient and modern deep-water basins worldwide.
Analyses of high-resolution 3D seismic reflection data in a predominantly slope setting, the southern slope of Qiongdongnan
Basin, South China Sea, reveal the extensive presence of gravity flow depositional elements in the Late Pliocene−Quaternary
strata. Three key elements were observed: (1) mass transport deposits (MTDs) including slumps and debris flows, (2) turbidity
current deposits including distributary channel complexes, leveed channel complexes and avulsion channel complexes, and (3)
deep-water drapes (highstand condensed sections). Each depositional element displays a unique seismic expression and internal
structures in seismic profiles and attribute maps. Based on seismic characteristics, the studied succession is subdivided
into six units in which three depositional cycles are identified. Each cycle exhibits MTDs (slump or debris) at the base,
overlain by turbidities or a deep-water drape. The genesis of these cycles is mainly controlled by frequent sea-level fluctuations
and high sedimentation rates in the Late Pliocene–Quaternary. Moreover, tectonics, differential subsidence, and paleo-seafloor
morphology may have also contributed to their formation processes. The present study is aimed to a better understanding of
deep-water depositional systems, and to a successful hydrocarbon exploration and engineering-risk assessment. |
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