Pathways of integrated coastal management from national policy to local implementation: Enabling climate change adaptation |
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| Institution: | 1. CSIR, Natural Resources and the Environment, 359 King George V Avenue Glenwood, PO Box 17001, Congella, 4013, South Africa;2. University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, King Edward Avenue, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;3. Faculty of Social and Human Sciences (FCSH) of Nova University of Lisbon (UNL), Avenida de Berna, 26-C/1069-061 Lisbon, Portugal;4. EnAct International, 70 Rossmead Avenue, Kenilworth, Cape Town 7708, South Africa;1. Research Group of Integrated Coastal Zone Management, Universidad de Cadiz, Spain;2. Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. la Molina, Lima, Perú, Spain;1. School of Planning, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Queen''s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG, United Kingdom;2. School of Geography and Archaeology, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland;1. Department of Geography, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;2. Department of Political Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;1. School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada;2. Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions, Victoria, BC, Canada;1. Department of Political Science and International Relations, Yonsei University, 309-2 Yonhee Bldg., 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Public Policy, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Ave., Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region |
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| Abstract: | Integrated coastal management (ICM) has been developing concomitantly with the realisation of the severity of the potential impacts of climate change. The discourse on climate change and adaptation has also included the awareness that adaptation must take place at all levels of government, particularly local government. Climate change is expected to have significant impacts on the physical, social, environmental and economic environments of coastal cities and towns, and in particular on the poor and vulnerable communities within these cities and towns. The crucial role that local government can play in climate protection and building cities' and communities' resilience to climate change is widely recognised at the global level. This paper explores the legal and policy connexion between ICM, local government and climate change in Mozambique and South Africa, two developing countries in Africa. The state of institutionalisation of coastal management at national through to local government is also examined. The authors contend that the state, character and maturity of the ICM policy domain can create an enabling environment within which local government agencies can prepare for future impacts of climate change. Conversely it can also limit, delay and hinder climate change adaptation. The paper concludes with the identification of some key success factors for assessing the effectiveness of the existing policy and legal frameworks to respond to the challenges of climate change. It also identifies some key principles to be included in future legislative reform to promote ICM, cooperative governance and greater preparedness for climate change at local government level. |
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