Capturing strain localization in reinforced soils |
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| Authors: | Akadet Kitsabunnarat Mustafa Alsaleh Sam Helwany |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Geotechnical Engineering, HNTB, 11414 W. Park Place, Milwaukee, WI 53224, USA;(2) Research and Development, Virtual Product Development Division, Technology and Solutions Division, Caterpillar Inc., 14009 Old Galena Rd., Mossville, IL 61552, USA;(3) Department of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer St., EMS W230, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA |
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| Abstract: | Lade’s single hardening soil model with Cosserat rotation embodied in the finite element method is employed to investigate
the behavior of geosynthetic reinforced soils with special attention to the development of shear banding. The ability of the
finite element model to detect shear banding in a reinforced soil is examined against three high quality small-scale laboratory
plane strain tests on Toyoura sand with and without reinforcement. These three tests were chosen because of the clear failure
surfaces that developed in the soil during loading. The FEM analyses were able to reasonably simulate the plane strain laboratory
tests including both unreinforced and reinforced cases. The FEM analyses gave reasonably good agreement with the experimental
results in terms of global stress–strain relationships and shear band occurrences. Furthermore, and based on FE analyses of
a hypothetical geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) retaining wall, it is shown that the geosynthetic reinforcements are very
effective in hindering the formation of shear bands in GRS retaining walls when small spacing between the reinforcement layers
was used. When used properly, the geosynthetic reinforcements made the soil behave as a truly reinforced mass of considerable
stiffness and strength. |
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