| 基于自然主控因子和道路可达性的广东省乡村聚落空间分布特征及影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨忍.基于自然主控因子和道路可达性的广东省乡村聚落空间分布特征及影响因素[J].地理学报,2017,72(10):1859-1871. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨忍 |
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| 作者单位： | 中山大学地理科学与规划学院 城市与区域规划研究中心,广州 510275 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41401190);广州市科技计划项目(201707010097) |
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| 摘 要： | 以遥感图像分类解译数据为基础,利用核密度、道路交通可达性阻力值、Logistic回归模型,定量识别了1990-2013年的广东省全域范围内的乡村聚落空间分布特征及现状、乡村聚落空间分布的主导影响因素,并讨论归纳了乡村聚落演变及其机制研究的内容框架。结果表明：① 广东省乡村聚落空间分布具有低海拔、低坡度、邻河流、邻乡镇的空间指向性。呈现出“平原稠密,山区稀疏”的空间分布格局,形成了粤东潮汕平原和粤西湛江平原台地两大高密度核心区域,珠江三角洲外围山区的乡村聚落呈现出邻近于河流谷地和沿交通线串珠式布局特征。② 乡村聚落除具有邻近开放型道路空间指向性外,更为重要体现为到乡镇的道路交通可达性对乡村聚落空间分布影响最大,镇—村连接的交通网络完善度对乡村转型发展的意义重大,全面提升乡镇的综合生产和服务能力将是优化农村地区村镇体系的核心。③ 高程和坡度是影响乡村聚落的分布、规模、形态的两个重要的基础性影响因素。自然地理本底属性是村庄优化布局与空间重构规划建设考虑的第一要素。④ 在“互联网+”时代背景下,重构农村地区市场网络体系对接于全球市场网络体系,建构以乡镇为核心的乡村生活服务圈,有待进一步探寻“三生空间”的重构和社会文化传承与保护的理论与实践的研究。同时深化乡村聚落形态演化、乡村空间生产、乡村社会网络、群体行为、社会自治、社会文化领域等的研究将是全球化背景下中国乡村空间重构研究的核心领域。
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| 关 键 词： | 乡村聚落 空间特征识别 交通可达性 乡村地理学 广东省 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-04-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-07-04 |
An analysis of rural settlement patterns and their effect mechanisms based on road traffic accessibility of Guangdong |
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| Ren YANG.An analysis of rural settlement patterns and their effect mechanisms based on road traffic accessibility of Guangdong[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2017,72(10):1859-1871. |
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| Authors: | Ren YANG |
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| Institution: | School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on classification data of remote sensing images, using kernel density, the minimal cumulative resistance model of road traffic accessibility, and a logistic regression model, the spatial pattern and the main factors influencing it were quantitatively examined in Guangdong Province from 1990 to 2013. The framework of the research concerning rural settlement evolution and its effect mechanisms were also discussed and generalized for the future. The results are as follows: (1) The spatial distribution of rural settlements showed some spatial orientation to low altitude and to low slope, and were significantly close to rivers and towns; thus formed a special pattern of "dense on the plains, and sparse in the mountainous region", including two high density core regions of rural settlements in the Chaoshan plain and the Zhanjiang tableland. The rural settlements were distributed along the rivers, valleys, and roads in the mountainous region surrounding the Pearl River Delta. (2) In addition to the spatial orientation of the open road, the accessibility of road traffic to the township has the greatest influence on the spatial distribution of the rural settlements. The connected transport network between towns and villages is significant for rural transformation as a comprehensive increase in township production and service capacity will be the key to optimizing the town-village system in rural areas. (3) Elevation and slope were two basic but influential factors that have affected the distribution, scale, and form of rural settlements. The attributes of the natural geography are the first elements in optimizing village layout and planning spatial reconstruction. (4) In the current Internet and social media era, the reconstruction of market network system orders is connected with the global market network system in the rural areas. The rural life service circle will be constructed with the township at its core to explore the theory and practice of spatial reconstruction, including its production, life and ecology, and social-cultural heritage and protection. It will also allow for exploration of the rural settlements' evolution, rural spatial production, rural social networks, group behavior, social autonomy, and social and cultural fields, which will be the core focus of China's rural spatial reconstruction research under the background of globalization. |
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| Keywords: | rural settlements spatial feature recognition traffic accessibility rural geography Guangdong Province |
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