| 中国500强的行业结构及其区域差异 |
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| 引用本文： | 钟业喜,陈琳,黄洁.中国500强的行业结构及其区域差异[J].地理科学,2017,37(2):190-199. |
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| 作者姓名： | 钟业喜 陈琳 黄洁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.江西师范大学地理与环境学院/江西经济发展研究院,江西 南昌 330022 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41561025）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 中国500强是中国优秀企业的集中体现,决定了中国未来产业乃至经济的发展方向。基于2009~2014年“中国500强”数据,从企业数量和营业收入角度分别对中国500强的行业结构和区域分布概况进行统计分析,继而探讨中国各省市的行业结构及其空间格局特征。结果表明：① 2009~2014年,制造业的上榜企业数量与营业收入占比均保持下降趋势,但制造业在13类行业中仍占主导,是当前中国国民经济中不可或缺的支柱行业;金融业、建筑业、批发和零售业以及房地产业发展势头强劲,是主导产业的重要组成部分;② 中国500强的地理集中度不断提升,东部地区特别是北京、上海、广东3省市以及香港地区是中国500强企业及其营业收入的主要集聚区域;③ 中国各省市行业结构的空间格局特征表现为：行业结构多元化、简单化与单一化并存,呈阶梯状分布;制造业占主导,但各省市制造业所占份额差距大;服务业趋于向东部省市集中;产业结构效益的区域差异显著。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国500强 行业结构 支柱产业 地理集中度 产业结构指数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-04-01 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016-07-25 |
Chinese Industrial Structure and Its Regional Disparity Based on the Data of Chinese Top 500 Enterprises |
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| Yexi Zhong,Lin Chen,Jie Huang.Chinese Industrial Structure and Its Regional Disparity Based on the Data of Chinese Top 500 Enterprises[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(2):190-199. |
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| Authors: | Yexi Zhong Lin Chen Jie Huang |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Geography and Environment / Jiangxi Institute of Economic Development, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China |
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| Abstract: | Chinese top 500 enterprises are the concentrated reflection of Chinese outstanding enterprises, which determine the development direction of Chinese future industry and even economy. On the basis of ‘Chinese top 500 enterprises’ data derived from Fortunechina.com, and having taken the number of enterprises and operating incomes as the main assessment index, this article analyzed the characteristics of industrial structure and regional distribution of Chinese top 500 enterprises by statistics, and then probed into the spatial pattern of provincial industrial structure. There were three key findings.First, during the period of 2009-2014, a declining trend has showed in the proportion of listed companies and its operating incomes of manufacturing industry, but manufacturing industry still dominant in the 13 kinds of industries, and even be the indispensable pillar of Chinese economy. Another four industries like financial, construction, wholesale and retail trade and real estate, have a strong momentum of development and shoulder the burden of leading industries. As a technology-intensive industry, information transmission and software industry has some difference with the above industries. For instance, it has a low proportion of listed enterprises and operating incomes, while the proportion trends to rise again in the recent three years. So the information transmission and software industry can be regarded as the pioneer industry, and have the possibility to be the leading industryin the future spell. The second finding is that the geographical concentration of Chinese top 500 enterprises upgrades continuously, specifically, the concentration areas of Chinese top 500 enterprises are mainly in eastern region, especially in Beijing City, Shanghai City and Guangdong Province, and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The last key finding is about spatial pattern of provincial industrial structure, which manifests that industrial structure tends to be diverse, simplified and single which distributed in ladder pattern, and that there is a great gap in the proportion of provincial manufacturing industry and enterprises belonging to services industry tend to concentrate in eastern provinces. Meanwhile, it is palpable of the disparity between provincial benefit of industrial structure. At the end of the article, some feasible measures are advised to out of the dilemma suffered by Chinese industry, likely, attach equal importance to producer services and strategic emerging industry, which could guide the industry to climb to the high-end of the value train and further upgrade the industrial structure. |
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| Keywords: | Chinese top 500 enterprises industrialstructural the pillar of economy geographical concentration industrial structural index |
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