| 漓江流域干旱与洪涝灾害生态风险评价与管理 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 汪疆玮,蒙吉军.漓江流域干旱与洪涝灾害生态风险评价与管理[J].热带地理,2014,34(3):366-373. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 汪疆玮 蒙吉军 |
| |
| 作者单位： | （北京大学 城市与环境学院//地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室，北京 100871） |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑课题(2012BAC16B04);国家自然科学基金项目(41371097) |
| |
| 摘 要： | 区域生态风险评价是进行生态风险管理的重要依据。流域生态风险评价应考虑地理单元的整体性和相对独立性。文章基于历史文献资料、自然地理数据和社会经济数据，选择漓江流域主要的自然灾害--干旱和洪涝为风险源，以161个子流域作为评价单元，基于相对风险评价模型，从风险源、脆弱度和抗风险能力3方面来评价流域综合生态风险。结果表明：漓江流域生态风险存在明显的空间差异性。高风险区占流域总面积的2.3%，主要分布于临桂县、灵川县北部和兴安县，表现为基础设施建设薄弱，景观稳定性差，生态脆弱度高；低风险区和较低风险区占流域总面积的59.0%，集中于猫儿山自然保护区、海洋山自然保护区和桂林市区，表现为保护区人为干扰较弱，植被保存完好，景观结构稳定，市区基础设施建设完善；下游阳朔县属中等风险区，存在一定风险隐患。最后基于风险评价结果提出了建立分级旱涝灾害预警机制和生态风险分级管理措施。
|
| 关 键 词： | 生态风险 干旱 洪涝 相对风险模型 漓江流域 |
Ecological Risk Assessment and Management of Floods and Droughts in the Li River Basin |
| |
| WANG Jiangwei,MENG Jijun.Ecological Risk Assessment and Management of Floods and Droughts in the Li River Basin[J].Tropical Geography,2014,34(3):366-373. |
| |
| Authors: | WANG Jiangwei MENG Jijun |
| |
| Abstract: | Regional ecological risk assessment is the foundation of ecological risk management. The ecological risk assessment of river basins should consider the integrity and relative independence of the geographical unit. Based on historical literatures, natural geographic data, and socio-economic data, this study chooses droughts and floods that are the major natural disasters in the Li River Basin as risk sources, and 161 sub-basins as assessment units. According to the relative risk assessment model, comprehensive ecological risks in this river basin are evaluated based on risk source, vulnerability, and ability to resist risk. Results show a large spatial variation of the ecological risk in the Li River Basin. Lingui County, north of Linchuan County, and Xin’an County are the high-risk regions with weak infrastructures, unstable landscapes, and vulnerable ecology, accounting for 2.3% of the total area of the basin. Risks are relatively low in the Mao’er Mountain and the Haiyang Mountain Nature Reserves due to weak anthropogenic activities, well preserved vegetation, and stable landscapes, the areas of the reserves account for about 59.0% of the total basin area. Benefited from the improved infrastructure, Guilin City in the midstream has a low risk as well. However, non-negligible potential risks exist in Yangshuo County in the downstream of the Li River, which belongs to the mid-risk region. Based on the risk assessment, measures to prevent ecological risk have been proposed. For the high-risk regions, attention should be paid to the protection of the vegetation. With the help of remote sensing, the monitoring and management of the environment can reduce the frequency of the risk. On the other hand, hydrological model can simulate the spatial and temporal distribution of the water, valid adjustment measures should be adopted to reduce the damage of drought and flood disaster. For the regions suffering from higher frequency disasters, ecological migration should be considered. For the regions of mid-risk in Lingchuan County and Xin’an County, unreasonable farming must be forbidden, which breaks the stability of landscape. The industrial structure in the regions should be adjusted to decrease their dependence on water. Most of the relative-low-risk regions belong to Karst landform, where there is difficulty in the modulation of water, attention should be paid to protection of the environment to reduce the damage of the risk. The low-risk regions are located in Guilin City where there are consummate infrastructures, and in the Mao’er Mountain and Haiyang Mountain Reserves where the landscapes are stable. To maintain the management of the Reserves, preventing the interference from tourism seems to be an effective way. This study aims at improving our understanding of the ecological risk management in the Li River Basin. |
| |
| Keywords: | ecological risk drought flood relative risk model the Li River Basin |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《热带地理》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《热带地理》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
