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A climatological study of nocturnal equatorial F-region irregularities at the west Pacific longitudes by using phase fluctuations of the global positioning system
Authors:FD Chu  WS Chen  CC Lee  JY Liu  
Institution:1. National Standard Time and Frequency Laboratory, Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Co. Ltd., No. 12, Lane 551, Min-Tsu Road Sec. 5, Yang-Mei, Taoyuan 326, Taiwan;2. Institute of Space Science, National Central University, No. 300, Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan;3. General Education Center, Ching-Yun University, No. 229, Chien-Shin Road, Jhong-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan;4. Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University, No. 300, Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan;1. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Dr Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India;2. Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, 141 31 Praha 4, Bo?ní II/1401, Czech Republic;3. Institut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Carl-Heinrich-Becker-Weg 6-10, 12165 Berlin, Germany;1. Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, España;2. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, España;3. Unidad de Monitorización Neurofisiológica Intraoperatoria, Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, España;4. Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, España;1. Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Prof. Hernani Melo, 101, CEP 24210-130 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Faculdade de Veterinária, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, CEP 24230-340 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China;2. Department of Plant Pathology, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Wenhui East Road No. 48, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, PR China;3. Laboratory of Plant Virology, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1-banchi, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan;4. The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan;5. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Sugarcane, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lingquan East Road No. 363, Kaiyuan, 661600 Yunnan Province, PR China;1. Department of Bioregulation, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-902, Brazil;2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58059-900, Brazil;1. Plant Pathology Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA;2. Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
Abstract:This study investigated a long-term climatology of nocturnal equatorial F-region irregularities by using phase fluctuations of the global positioning system during the solar cycle of 1996–2006 at the west Pacific longitudes. The results showed that the distribution of the occurrence of irregularities is a two-peak pattern, which peaks in equinoxes with a shallow/deep dip in June/December solstice during high solar activity but with two about the same dips in magnitude in both June and December solstices during low solar activity. Moreover, the most interesting longitudinal effect in the area is in solstice occurrences of irregularities during high solar activity that the irregularities in December solstice months develop easier in the west area but those in June solstice months develop easier in the east area.
Keywords:Equatorial ionosphere  Ionospheric irregularity  Equatorial plasma bubble  Spread F
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