| 南极海豹类生态学 |
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| 引用本文： | 董金海,王广洁,冯洁.南极海豹类生态学[J].极地研究,1999,11(2):59-65. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董金海 王广洁 冯洁 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院海洋研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 描述了南极海豹的种类组成、资源量和种类状况等一般性生态学问题，着重讲述了这些海豹在研究全球变化中所起的作用等科学前沿问题；同时，就海豹研究在各国际组织中的地位阐述了意见。
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| 关 键 词： | 南极 浮冰海豹 生态学 全球变化 国际组织 |
ANTARCTIC PACK ICE SEAL |
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| Dong Jinhai,Wang Guangjie and Feng Jie.ANTARCTIC PACK ICE SEAL[J].Chinese Journal of Polar Research,1999,11(2):59-65. |
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| Authors: | Dong Jinhai Wang Guangjie and Feng Jie |
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| Abstract: | As top predators,seals are likely to be sensitive to changes in the dynamics of ecosystems and,in particular,to variations in the flow of photosynthetically fixed carbon to higher levels in the food chain caused by climatic or ecological changes,pack ice seals are excellent indicators of large scale environmental change and,on a smaller scale, variations in seal distribution, abundance and features of their behaviour and physiology in different locations, years and seasons, can provide insights into changes in oceanographic features,pack ice seals could be used as free ranging platforms for oceanographic instruments to record and play(via satellites)data on sea temperature, salinity and ambient light at depth.There is also an urgent need to assess their functional significance in Southern Ocean ecosystems. The questions to be asked concern:the causes and scales of variation in their distribution and abundance;explanations of the greater abundane of crabeater seals;whether there are more Antarcitc seals in relation to primary production than in other regions and if so why;why their life histiory parameters fluctuate in a periodic fashion;why these parmaeters and their observed densities have changed over the past 30 years;how their diets and foraging strategies have adapted to optimize utilization of their food resources whether they have physiological and behavioural adaptations that make them unusually efficient ecologically;how much carbon they transfer to the atmosphere;and whether there are physiological condition of behavioural indices that could be used to appraise the pack ice ecosystem through studies of these seal populations? The APIS programme can be expected to produce information of value to several Antarctic research programmes and inter governmental organizations, These include CEP,CCAS,CCAMLR,(including CEMP),SO GLOBEC,SCOR,SO JGOFS,SCAR GLOCHANT, and IWC.The period of operation of the programms is from the 1995-1996 season through to the 1999-2000 season, with a major logistic effort envisaged for the 1998-1999 season. |
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| Keywords: | Antarctica pack ice seal ecology global change international organizations |
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