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X-ray fluorescence observations of the moon by SMART-1/D-CIXS and the first detection of Ti Kα from the lunar surface |
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| Authors: | BM Swinyard KH Joy BJ Kellett M Grande VA Fernandes O Gasnault SS Russell BH Foing The SMART- team |
| Institution: | a Space Science and Technology Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK b UCL/Birkbeck Research School of Earth Sciences, UCL, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK c IARC, The Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK d Institute of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3BZ, UK e Isotope Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry Group, SEAES, University of Manchester, Oxford Road Manchester, M13 9PL, UK f Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, USA g Centre d’Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, Toulouse, France h Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA i Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, France j ESA Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC/SCI-S, Postbus 299, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands |
| Abstract: | The demonstration of a compact imaging X-ray spectrometer (D-CIXS), which flew on ESA's SMART-1 mission to the Moon (Racca et al., 2001; Foing et al., 2006), was designed to test innovative new technologies for orbital X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. D-CIXS conducted observations of the lunar surface from January 2005 until SMART-1 impacted the Moon in September 2006. Here, we present scientific observations made during two solar flare events and show the first detection of Titanium Kα from the lunar surface. We discuss the geological implications of these results. We also discuss how experience from D-CIXS has aided the design of a similar instrument (Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS)) that was launched on the 22nd October 2008 on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the Moon. |
| Keywords: | XRF spectroscopy Moon Space missions Lunar science |
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