| “鱼·菜·菌”生态养殖模式氮磷转化及去除效果分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 薛凌展.“鱼·菜·菌”生态养殖模式氮磷转化及去除效果分析[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2014(4):15-25. |
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| 作者姓名： | 薛凌展 |
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| 作者单位： | 福建省淡水水产研究所,福州,350002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系福州综合试验站，福建省大宗淡水鱼类新品种繁育设施创新及养殖技术推广，福建省省属公益类科研院所专项青年科研项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 设计了一种由空心菜、异育银鲫＂中科3号＂和微生物膜组成的浮床生态养殖系统,采用水生空心菜根系及浮床为基质,构建了以池塘土著微生物和外源微生物为菌源的池塘漂浮式微生物膜,并结合水生空心菜对养殖水体进行原位修复。定期跟踪监测3种养殖模式水体中总磷和总氮的变化情况,结果显示：＂鱼·菜·菌＂培育模式YCJ-2的水质较为稳定,与对照组YCJ-3相比,总氮和总磷分别降低了66.13%和43.81%;总氮排放浓度达到淡水养殖废水排放二级标准,总磷排放浓度介于淡水养殖废水排放一级标准和地表水质量Ⅴ类标准之间,该模式对养殖水体中的总氮和总磷的去除率效果明显。分别采用物料平衡原理和产量法检测分析不同模式的产排污系数和沉积物产污系数,结果显示：对照组YCJ-3总氮和总磷产排污系数最高,分别为1.60 g·kg^-1和19.90 g·kg^-1;YCJ-2沉积物总磷和总氮产污系数最低仅为1.01 g·kg^-1和0.35 g·kg^-1,分别比YCJ-3降低了82.5%和83.17%;养殖效益分析结果显示：＂鱼·菜·菌＂培育模式YCJ-2总产值达到3 536.04元/100 m2,比YCJ-3和YCJ-1（鱼-菜培育模式）模式养殖经济效益分别提高了49.12%和11.88%。
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| 关 键 词： | 异育银鲫“中科3号” 空心菜 益生菌 TN TP |
Transformation and Removal Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Ecological Farming Model of Fish-Vegetables-Mushroom |
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| XUE Ling-zhan.Transformation and Removal Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Ecological Farming Model of Fish-Vegetables-Mushroom[J].Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment,2014(4):15-25. |
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| Authors: | XUE Ling-zhan |
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| Institution: | XUE Ling-zhan (Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, China) |
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| Abstract: | A new ecological floating bed system was designed by Ipomoea aquatica,Allogynogenetic gibel carp＂CAS Ⅲ＂and probiotics. Using Ipomoea aquatica root system and floating bed for matrix,and the pond floating type microbial membrane with native and foreign microbes as bacteria source was constructed,in combination with Ipomoea aquatica for in-situ remediation of the aquaculture water. By regular monitoring of the changes of TP and TN in aquaculture waters of three patterns,the result showed：the water quality was relatively stable in cultivation mode of Fish-Vegetables-Mushroom（ YCJ- 2）,and the TN and TP was reduced by 66. 13% and 43. 81%,respectively,compared with the control group（ YCJ- 3）. The TN emissions achieved freshwater aquaculture wastewater secondary standard,and the TP emissions between freshwater aquaculture wastewater primary standard and surface water quality Ⅴclass standard. The removal effect of TN and TP of aquaculture water in this model was obvious. The Material Balance Principle and Production Method were used to detect the coefficient of productionsewage and sedimentary property coefficient in different patterns. The result showed： the coefficients of production sewage of TP and TN in control group（ YCJ- 3） were highest,achieving 1. 6 g·kg^- 1and 19. 9 g·kg^- 1,respectively. And the sedimentary property coefficients of TP and TN in YCJ- 2were lowest,only 1. 01 g·kg^- 1and 0. 35 g·kg^- 1,which were reduced by 82. 5% and 83. 17% respectively compared with the control group（ YCJ- 3）. In addition,comparative analysis of breeding benefits showed that the output value in cultivation mode of Fish-Vegetables-Mushroom（ YCJ- 2）reached 3536. 04 yuan /100m2,meaning an increase by 49. 12% and 11. 88% respectively compared with YCJ- 3 and YCJ- 1（ cultivation mode of Fish-Vegetables）. |
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| Keywords: | Allogynogenetic gibel carp “CAS Ⅲ” Ipomoea aquatica probiotics TN TP |
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