| 黄河干流潼关断面非点源污染负荷估算 |
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| 引用本文： | 李强坤,李怀恩,胡亚伟,孙娟.黄河干流潼关断面非点源污染负荷估算[J].水科学进展,2008,19(4):460-466. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李强坤 李怀恩 胡亚伟 孙娟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西安理工大学水利水电学院, 陕西, 西安, 710048; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金，黄河水利科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目，水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室开放基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于平均浓度法原理,根据黄河中游降雨径流特点,将年内过程分为汛期和非汛期两个阶段,同时将高含沙水流中的污染负荷分为水体中的溶解态污染负荷、泥沙吸附态负荷两部分,提出了多沙河流非点源污染负荷估算模型;根据黄河干流潼关断面1950-2006年实测水沙资料,结合水体、泥沙污染物浓度测定试验,分别计算了潼关断面2006年以及丰水年(P=25%)、平水年(P=50%)、枯水年(P=75%)3种不同代表年型下的非点源污染负荷.结果表明:黄河干流潼关断面年污染负荷以汛期为主,汛期污染负荷以非点源为主;非点源污染负荷中,硝酸盐氮、氨氮以溶解态为主,总磷以吸附态为主;潼关断面非点源污染负荷占全年负荷比例:丰水年时,硝酸盐氮占63.09%,氨氮占61.32%,总氮占87.17%、总磷占89.83%;枯水年时,硝酸盐氮占26.92%,氨氮占24.62%,总氮占67.60%、总磷占71.73%.2006年,硝酸盐氮、氨氮、总氮和总磷非点源污染负荷占全年比例依次为:17%、14%、15%和41%.
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| 关 键 词： | 非点源污染 泥沙污染 水体污染 潼关 黄河 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-11-04 |
Estimation of non-point source pollution loading on Tongguan section of the Yellow River |
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| LI Qiang-kun,LI Huai-en,HU Ya-wei,SUN Juan.Estimation of non-point source pollution loading on Tongguan section of the Yellow River[J].Advances in Water Science,2008,19(4):460-466. |
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| Authors: | LI Qiang-kun LI Huai-en HU Ya-wei SUN Juan |
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| Institution: | 1.Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China;2.Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, YRCC, Zhengzhou 450003, China;3.Key Laboratory of the Yellow River Sediment of Ministry of Water Resource, Zhengzhou 450003, China |
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| Abstract: | According to the characteristics of rainfall and runoff in China's northern districts,the process of rainfall and runoff is divided into two stages in a annual:flood season and non-flood season based on the principle of the mean concentration method; meanwhile the pollution load in hyperconcentration of sediment flow will be divided into two parts:the dissolved pollution load in water and adsorbed pollution load in sediment; and the estimation model of non-point source pollution in sandy river is put forward.According to the measured water and sediment of Tongguan hydrological station in 1950-2005,combining the experiment determination water body with the sediment pollution concentration,three kinds different representatives of non-point source pollution load and the pollution load in 2006 are calculated in the Tongguan cross section.So they represent wet year(P=25%),normal year(P=50%) and dry year(P=75%) of Tongguan section.Results show that in Tongguan section the annal pollution load mostly occurs in flood season in the Yellow River,with the non-point source pollution as the main part in flood season.In the non-point source pollution load,the dissolved pollution load is taken as the main part in nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen,and the adsorbed pollution load as the main part in total nitrogen and total phos-phorus.The non-point source pollution of Tongguan section takes the proportion of the total as follows in wet year,nitrate nitrogen accounts for 63.09%,ammonia nitrogen 61.32%,total nitrogen 87.17% and total phosphorus 89.83%; in dry year,nitrate nitrogen accounts for 26.92%,ammonia nitrogen 24.62%,total nitrogen 67.60% and total phosphorus 71.73%.In 2006,the non-point source pollution load of the nitrate nitrogen,the ammonia nitrogen,the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus occupy 17%,14%,15% and 41% of the whole annual year proportion respectively. |
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