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Partitioning of dioxins (PCDDs/Fs) in ambient air at urban residential locations |
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| Authors: | Md M Rahman Z-H Shon C-J Ma R J C Brown S K Pandey C G Park I S Bae J R Sohn H-O Yoon K-H Kim |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea 2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 614-714, Republic of Korea 3. Department of Environmental Science, Fukuoka Women’s University, Fukuoka, Japan 4. Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Rd, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK 5. Department of Botany, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, CG, 495 009, India 6. Seoul Metropolitan Institute of Public Health and Environment, Seoul, 137-734, Republic of Korea 7. Department of Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, 136-703, Republic of Korea 8. Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul Center, Anamdong, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea |
| Abstract: | In this work, 17-polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/furan (PCDD/Fs) isomers were measured in ambient air at four urban sites in Seoul, Korea (from February to June 2009). The concentrations of their summed values (ΣPCDD/Fs) across all four sites ranged from 1,947 (271 WHO05 TEQ) (Jong Ro) to 2,600 (349 WHO05 TEQ) fg/m3 (Yang Jae) with a mean of 2,125 (± 317) fg/m3 (292 WHO05 TEQ fg/m3). The sum values for the two isomer groups of ΣPCDD and ΣPCDF were 527 (30 WHO05 TEQ) and 1,598 (263 WHO05 TEQ) fg/m3, respectively. The concentration profile of individual species was dominated by the 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF isomer, which contributed approximately 36 % of the ΣPCDD/Fs value. The observed temporal trends in PCDD/F concentrations were characterized by relative enhancement in the winter and spring. The relative contribution of different sources, when assessed by principal component analysis, is explained by the dominance of vehicular emissions along with coal (or gas) burning as the key source of ambient PCDD/Fs in the residential areas studied. |
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