The burrowing behavior of sand lance, Ammodytes hexapterus: Effects of oil-contaminated sediment |
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| Authors: | WH Pearson DL Woodruff PC Sugarman BL Olla |
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| Institution: | Battelle, Marine Research Laboratory, 439 West Sequim Bay Road, Sequim, WA 98382, USA;US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Center, Sandy Hook Laboratory, Highlands, NJ 07732, USA |
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| Abstract: | Whilst foraging in the water column for zooplankton, sand lance, Ammodytes hexapterus, are under heavy predation from marine birds and fish. To avoid predation, sand lance bury in the sand when not foraging and during overwintering. We did two experiments to determine whether oil contamination of the sand would reduce the amount of time that sand lance spent buried. In the first experiment (June, 1980) sand lance significantly decreased by 20% the time spent buried in oiled sand (306 ppm). In the second experiment (June, 1981) sand lance did not decrease time spent buried in oiled sand at 28 and 256 ppm but did at 3384 ppm. The higher condition index of the 1981 fish suggested that nutritional state may have influenced how sand lance used the sediment as a refuge and how they responded to contamination of that refuge. |
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