| 中国西部叠合盆地油气多期成藏模式及勘探有效性 |
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| 引用本文： | 康德江,姜丽娜,张金友.中国西部叠合盆地油气多期成藏模式及勘探有效性[J].沉积学报,2012,30(1):166-178. |
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| 作者姓名： | 康德江 姜丽娜 张金友 |
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| 作者单位： | 大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆,163712 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(中国西部典型叠合盆地油气成藏机制与分布规律)(2006CB202300)研究部分成果 |
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| 摘 要： | 我国西部叠合盆地油气资源丰富,随着勘探难度逐年增加,如何准确定位有利成藏区带对增加勘探成功率至关重要。通过对比叠合盆地主要大中型油气田发现,叠合盆地大都为多期成藏,且晚期成藏有利于油气规模化保存。在大量总结叠合盆地多个油气成藏过程、特点和模式的基础上,结合研究区带的构造演化特点,按照叠合盆地构造变动模式划分,将西部叠合盆地油气多期成藏模式划分为5种,分别是油气连续充注型、早期强烈改造型、中期强烈改造型、晚期强烈改造型和多期充注改造交替型。在晚期成藏有利于油气勘探的前提下,分析认为具有油气连续充注型油气成藏的区域和周边地区由于构造变动轻微,破坏幅度最小,因此油气藏类型较多,规模化可能性最大,最具油气勘探有效性,而多期充注改造交替型成藏模式在构造变动频繁剧烈的影响下,使得油气藏破坏量较大,保存下来的可能性很小,因此也最不具备勘探有效性,此类地区应该尽可能规避。
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| 关 键 词： | 叠合盆地 多期成藏模式 勘探有效性 晚期成藏 构造变动 |
The Model of the Multi-Stage of Oil-Gas Formation and Exploration Effectiveness in Superimposed Basins in Western China |
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| KANG De-jiang,JIANG Li-na,ZHANG Jin-you.The Model of the Multi-Stage of Oil-Gas Formation and Exploration Effectiveness in Superimposed Basins in Western China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(1):166-178. |
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| Authors: | KANG De-jiang JIANG Li-na ZHANG Jin-you |
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| Institution: | (Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163712) |
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| Abstract: | By comparing the large and medium-sized oil and gas fields,it is discovered that reservoirs in superimposed basins are most of multi-stage formation process,and the late accumulation is favorable for large-scale preservation.Based on summary of accumulation progress,characteristic and model of the vorious oil-gas pool,combined with features of the tectonic evolution of the study area,it composes the hydrocarbon accumulation pattern classification,and divides oil and gas multi-phase accumulation model into 5 types according to the criteria: continuous oil-gas filled,early strong reformation,strongly reworked in medium-term,late strongly reworked and alternation of multi-stage filling and reworked.Strength of structural changes and occurring period are taken into account to construct the pattern classification criteria,and the two parameters are all relative.The characteristic of continuous oil-gas filled is that the oil and gas transportation capability is strong and it can not only form the normal reservoir,but also the pyrolysis gas reservoir.The early strong reformation means the strength of structure is more stronger and the range is larger during the early period,it makes the hydrocarbon expelled from resource can not be assemble in the suitable trap,in contrast the later oil and gas can form the reservoir.Strongly reworked in medium-term mode indicates that much of tectonic movements strongly happened after the reservoir accumulated,oil and gas reservoirs will be reformed or lost to some extent each time,so the late contribution is the main result of this type.The late strongly reworked type means that the hydrocarbon formed and expelled from source all accumulated in the relatively stable environment,and in the late,there happens the strong and large-scale tectonic movements,these movements change the existed reservoirs in the aspect of quality and quantity.The last one is multi-stage filling and reworked type,which most occurs in the region happened strong and frequent extremely tectonic movements.Although the reservoirs formed early,strong tectonic movements destroy or change them all,after several times,it basically,can not form a large reservoir. Among the model of the multi-stage of oil-gas formation listed above,the first type can form the typical reservoir under normal circumstance,moreover,the condensate gas reservoir is more.The second one is similar to the forth type,but because the time of destroy is different,the corresponding results are very different.Early strong reformation type can destroy the reservoir accumulated in the early stage seriously,and because of the later stable tectonic movements,it can preserve the hydrocarbon formed in the later period,such as the distribution of Silurian bituminous sandstone in Tazhong region and much of reservoir existed in Carboniferous and Thriassic.The third one can preserve the earlier reservoir to some extent,and meanwhile,it also can accumulate the late hydrocarbon because the strength of the tectonic movements become weaker.The characteristic of the forth type is the strength of tectonic is very strong,and it can be destructive.To the maximum extent,it can completely destroy the former reservoirs,the remaining is very little.The last type is a model without exploration effectiveness,and the result of structural damage is highly visible,So the resource accumulated under this condition is restricted extremely. In the context of late accumulation is favorable for exploration,it determine that the region with the model of continuous oil-gas filled and surrounding areas is most likely to accumulate large scale and many types of oil-gas reservoirs because there have little tectonic movements and the damage.However,the model of alternation of multi-stage filling and reworking have little exploration effectiveness because of many tectonic movements and damages.Consequently,the exploration for oil-gas should try to avoid these areas. |
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| Keywords: | superimposed basin model of multi-stage accumulation exploration effectiveness late accumulation tectonic movement |
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