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Antimony in the environment: A review focused on natural waters. III. Microbiota relevant interactions |
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| Authors: | Montserrat Filella Nelson Belzile Marie-Claire Lett |
| Institution: | aDepartment of Inorganic, Analytical and Applied Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland bDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3E 2C6 cDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Genomics and Microbiology, UMR7156 ULP-CNRS, 28 rue Goethe, F-67000 Strasbourg, France |
| Abstract: | Antimony is ubiquitously present in the environment as a result of natural processes and human activities. Antimony is not considered to be an essential element for plants or animals. In this third review paper on the occurrence of antimony in natural waters, the interactions of antimony with microbiota are discussed in relation to its fate in natural waters. This paper covers the following aspects: occurrence in microbiota, uptake transport mechanisms, pathways of Sb(III) removal from cells involved in antimony tolerance, oxidation and reduction of antimony by living organisms, phytochelatin induction and biomethylation. This review is based on a careful and systematic examination of a comprehensive collection of papers on the above mentioned aspects of the subject. All data are quoted from the original sources. Relatively little existing information falls within the strict scope of this review and, when relevant, discussion on the interactions of antimony with reference microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and different protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, has been included. |
| Keywords: | algae antimony bacteria biota biomethylation fungi microbiota natural waters resistance mechanisms uptake yeast |
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