GIS-based impact assessment of land-use changes on groundwater quality: study from a rapidly urbanizing region of South India |
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| Authors: | Haris H Khan Arina Khan Shakeel Ahmed Jerome Perrin |
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| Institution: | 1.National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI),Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR),Hyderabad,India;2.Aligarh Muslim University,Aligarh,India;3.Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières,Orléans,France |
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| Abstract: | This study attempts to assess the influence of changing land-use patterns on the groundwater quality of the hard rock aquifer
system in the Maheshwaram watershed, near Hyderabad, India. The study area is a rapidly urbanizing region with land development
progressing at a fast pace. To study the impact of this rapid urbanization and overall land-use transition, a groundwater
quality index (GQI) was prepared within a geographical information system (GIS). The GQI integrates the different water quality
parameters to give a final index value that can be used for spatio-temporal comparisons. The land-use transitions were closely
monitored from 2003 to 2008 using multispectral satellite images. The land-use pattern has changed drastically with an increase
in the built-up area at the expense of other land uses. The analysis reveals a rapid deterioration of groundwater quality
related mainly to the increase in built-up land with unsewered sanitation and poultry farms. Seasonal variability of the groundwater
quality was also assessed. Mean GQI decreased from 84.16 to 83.26 over a period of 5 years from 2003 to 2008, while seasonal
variability of water quality increased. GQI and Seasonal Variability of water quality were integrated in GIS to yield a groundwater
sustainability map, in terms of water quality. Zones of sustainable and unsustainable groundwater use were demarcated for
better decision making related to municipal land allotment in this rapidly urbanizing region. |
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