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| 实施流域生态管理的长江中下游湿地保护探讨 | |
| 引用本文： | 鲍达明,王学雷,吕宪国.实施流域生态管理的长江中下游湿地保护探讨[J].湿地科学,2006,4(2):96-100. |
| 作者姓名： | 鲍达明 王学雷 吕宪国 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 国家林业局野生动植物保护司,北京,100714 2. 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,湖北,武汉,430077 3. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林,长春,130012 |
| 基金项目： | 国家林业局湿地保护与生态恢复示范工程项目(SD2002-hh)资助 |
| 摘 要： | 长江中下游地区湿地分布广泛且类型多样,是我国淡水湖泊分布最集中和最具有代表性的地区。为了从根本上解决长江中下游湿地利用面临的问题,实现湿地资源的可持续利用,保护湿地环境,解决区内上、下游用水的供需矛盾,实现水资源的优化配置,调动区域湿地保护的积极性和主动性,有必要遵循湿地流域分布规律,应用流域生态学最新理论与实践成果,进行流域生态管理。一方面,要从流域角度处理好几大江湖关系、蓄泄关系、湖垸关系和山湖(河)关系等;另一方面,在流域内建立统一协调机制,对流域湿地进行保护与合理利用、合理布局和统一规划;同时在保护的前提下,科学合理地利用长江中下游湿地资源,开拓新的生产力。 |
| 关 键 词： | 湿地保护 流域 生态管理 长江中下游 |
| 文章编号： | 1672-5948（2006）02-096-05 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-01-27 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-01-272006-04-28 |
Wetland Protection Basing on Basin Ecological Management in the Middle -Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River |
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| BAO Da-Ming,WANG Xue-Lei,LU Xian-Guo.Wetland Protection Basing on Basin Ecological Management in the Middle -Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River[J].Wetland Science,2006,4(2):96-100. | |
| Authors: | BAO Da-Ming WANG Xue-Lei LU Xian-Guo |
| Institution: | 1. State Forestry Administration, Belting 100714,P. R. China;2. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430077 ,P. R. China; 3. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Jilin 130012 ,P. R. China |
| Abstract: | The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are characterized by the existence of many large lakes hydrologically associated with the Yangtze River.Existence of such lakes indicates that floodwater coming from the lake basins can be temporarily stored in the lake before entering the Yangtze.The lakes,therefore,contribute to retarding the flood peak water in flood hydrographs.The lakes are considered also to contribute to retarding the rate of sediment transport from lake basins into the Yangtze River.Meanwhile in the lakes area,the wetlands around the lakes provide habitats for many important and endangered species.The soil and water resources in the wetlands around the lake were used for human activities,such as agriculture and urbanization.Owing to population pressures and needs of foods and land,the wetlands around the lakes were converted into it other land uses,including agriculture,urbanization,particularly during the period of 1950 s to 1980 s.The ecological and hydrological functions of wetlands were not taken into consideration in the process of lake drainage;this has leaded to unsustainable and unbalanced social-economic development.Wetland is a unique ecosystem that has multi-function in the world.It is one of the most important living environments of human being.Wetland protection of middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River should be programmed and protected from the point of basin management,which is to transform from single wetland protection in the past to wetland protection of the whole basin area.It is important to protect and utilize wetland resources of the mid-lower reaches of Yangtze River reasonably;meanwhile we should strengthen the research of wetland science.In this paper,firstly,a brief introduction of the wetlands in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was given,and analyze the actualities of wetland evolvements affected by integrated physical and anthropic factors,including atrophy of wetland area,decline of wetland functions,immoderate and excessive exploitation and utilization of wetland resources,the decrease of bio-diversity,increasingly serious pollution of the wetland environment and damage of the wetland whole value were analyzed.And then the evolvement of several driving relationships in the evolving process of the wetland,including relationships between the Yangtze River and related lakes,flood storage and discharge,related mountains and lakes(rivers),lakes and polders were discused.Finally,it was suggested the prospect of wetland conservation by proposing some countermeasures on the basis of integrated river basin management(IRBM),including unify the river basin integrative management,better program wetland conforming to the principles of IRBM and organizing all relationships in or/and out wetland systems,strengthen ecological management pattern research,strengthen comprehensive treatment of the soil and water loss in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River,strengthen the construction and management of wetland nature reserve,and protect the wetland bio-diversity. |
| Keywords: | wetland protection basin ecological management the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River |
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