| 基于节水优先和工程布局调整的塔里木河流域节水潜力 |
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| 引用本文： | 白涛,刘东,李江,黄强,巨驰,洪良鹏.基于节水优先和工程布局调整的塔里木河流域节水潜力[J].水科学进展,2022,33(4):614-626. |
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| 作者姓名： | 白涛 刘东 李江 黄强 巨驰 洪良鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710048 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目52179025新疆维吾尔自治区水利厅规设局项目403-1005-YBN-FT6I |
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| 摘 要： | 为挖掘寒旱区内陆河流域的节水潜力, 论证山区水库替代平原水库的可行性, 以塔里木河三源流阿克苏河、叶尔羌河、和田河及其干流(简称"三源一干")为研究对象, 在"节水优先"治水方针的指导下, 考虑源流区山区水库群、干流区平原水库群以及各行业用水需求, 建立并求解了现状水平年和远景水平年的水库群联合调配的模拟与优化模型。结果表明: 水库群调度节水的关键在于降低河道内及平原水库库区中无效的蒸发渗漏损失; 2035年远景水平年, 通过山区水库群联合优化调配的最大节水潜力为2.46亿m3; 制定了源流山区水库替代干流平原水库的布局方案, 即结然力克、大寨、其满、帕满、喀尔曲尕和塔里木等6座平原水库的兴利库容分别可削减17%、17%、17%、33%、100%、100%, 该方案在保障塔里木河干流供水任务情况下可增加0.21亿m3的节水潜力。研究成果为实现流域水资源科学调控、保障区域水安全和生态安全提供了理论与技术支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 节水潜力 山区水库 平原水库 节水优先 工程布局 水库群联合调配 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-24 |
Study on water-saving potential of Tarim River basin based on water saving priority and project layout adjustment |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi′an University of Technology, Xi′an 710048, China2.Xinjiang Water Conservancy and Hydropower Planning and Administration, Urumqi 830000, China |
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| Abstract: | This study aims to maximize the water-saving potential of inland river basins in cold and arid areas and demonstrate the feasibility of replacing plains reservoirs with mountain reservoirs. The "Three Sources and One Mainstream" of the Tarim River basin (i.e., Aksu River, Yarkand River, Hotan River, and the Tarim River mainstream) are employed as the research objects. According to the guidance of the"Water Saving Priority"water control strategy, the water demand of various industries, plains reservoirs, and mountain reservoirs are considered. Moreover, simulation and optimization models of cascade reservoir operation and allocation in current and future years are established and then solved. Results indicate that: ① The key to saving water in cascade reservoir operation is to reduce ineffective loss through evaporation and leakage in river channels and plains reservoirs. ② Through the optimal operation and allocation of mountain reservoirs, the maximum water-saving potential will be 246 million m3 by 2035. ③ The plan for replacing plains reservoirs with mountain reservoirs is formulated, i.e., the storage capacity of the six plains reservoirs of Jieranlike, Dazhai, Qiman, Paman, Kaerquga, and Tarim will be reduced by 17%, 17%, 17%, 33%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. This scheme can increase the water-saving potential of 21 million m3 while ensuring the water supply task of the mainstream of the Tarim River. These research findings provide theoretical and technical support for realizing the scientific regulation of water resources and ensuring regional water security and ecological security. |
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