Smectite composition as a tracer of deep circulation: the case of the Northern North Atlantic |
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| Institution: | 1. Silicoclastic Sedimentology and Clay Geology, Universite de Liege, Allée du 6 août, B18, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium;2. UMR 8577 (Sédimentologie et Géodynamique) et Centre d''Océanologie de Marseille, Luminy case 901, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France;3. GEOTOP, UQAM, CP 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3P8;1. Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;2. SRM Research Institute, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;3. Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India;4. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia;5. Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa''s College for Men, Kanchipuram, 631 501, Tamil Nadu, India;1. Analytical Chemistry Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt;2. Radioactive Waste Management Unit, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt;3. Ceramic Department, National Research Center (NRC), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt;1. Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;2. Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit (NanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology (CSET), University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Science Campus, South Africa;1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China;2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China;3. Foshan Water Group Co., Ltd., Foshan 528000, PR China;1. Department of Applied Mathematics and Sciences, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE;3. The Surface Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 4DL, UK;4. Chemical Engineering Department, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, UAE;5. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE |
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| Abstract: | The link between smectite composition in sediments from the northern North Atlantic and Labrador Sea, and deep circulation is being further investigated through detailed studies of the X-ray pattern of smectites and cation saturations. This allows clear distinction of dominant terrigenous sources associated to the main components of the modern Western Boundary Undercurrent. Time variations of smectite characteristics in two piston cores from the inlet and outlet of the Western Boundary Undercurrent gyre in the Labrador Sea indicate: (1) a more southern circulation of North East Atlantic Deep Water during the Late Glacial; (2) a step by step transition to the modern pattern of deep circulation during the Late Glacial/Holocene transition, with intensification of North East Atlantic Deep Water and Davis Strait Overflow; (3) an expansion of Davis Strait Overflow and Labrador Sea Water circulation in relation to ice surges and deposition of detrital layers; (4) an intensified circulation of North East Atlantic Deep Water during the Younger Dryas; and (5) a very recent increased influence of Denmark Strait Overflow Water beginning between 4.4 and <1 kyr. |
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