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Desalinization of running waters: II. Benthic diatom communities: A comparative field study on responses to decreasing salinities |
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| Authors: | Svenja Busse Regine Jahn Claus-Jürgen Schulz |
| Institution: | 1)Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Germany 2)Staatliches Umweltamt Sondershausen, Germany |
| Abstract: | Desalinization effects on benthic diatom communities were investigated in two adjacent streams in Northern Thuringia, the creek Urbach and the river Helbe. Salt-saturated stockpile effluents had been introduced into the Urbach until 1996, resulting in fluctuating chloride concentrations with maximum values up to 25.4 g · 1?1 (Helbe: max. 3.7 g · 1?1). The diatom vegetation and hydrographical and chemical data of an Urbach site were compared to those of a sampling site further downstream. Monthly sampling in 1996 started at the end of salt influx in January. Reference samples from the years 1995, 1986 and 1963 were evaluated along with the 1996 samples. After termination of the introduction of salt-loaded effluents, relative abundances of brackish water species greatly decreased within three months. The Halobion Index (Ziemann 1982), reflecting osmotic and ion composition effects on diatoms, decreased until May 1996, then stabilized. In summer 1996, several diatoms had a mass development, showing that salinization impacts had previously overruled effects of other environmental variables. |
| Keywords: | Desalinization Diatoms Halobion Index Microphytobenthos River Helbe Urbach |
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