| 乡镇“有为政府”产业政策的逻辑与检验——基于新结构经济学视角 |
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| 引用本文： | 李达,张绍文.乡镇“有为政府”产业政策的逻辑与检验——基于新结构经济学视角[J].热带地理,2022,42(1):113-122. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李达 张绍文 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京城市学院城镇化研究院，北京 100083;2.北京林业大学 经济管理学院，北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(71873017);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(71761137002)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为解决乡村振兴中乡镇政府如何选择正确产业和如何制定合理产业政策2个重要问题，运用新结构经济学“增长甄别与因势利导框架”分析并提出乡镇“有为政府”产业政策演化的逻辑框架：1）选择产业，依据“两步六轨法”选择具备相似资源禀赋、约束条件的产业。2）政策制定，针对筛选出的产业制定合理的政策内容、选择适当的政策工具，以支持产业发展。以该逻辑框架为依据分析了云南省西双版纳州勐罕镇的产业现状、目标乡镇比较优势产业，发现勐罕镇领先型产业为菠萝种植业，应通过引进菠萝深度加工企业，建设营销网络、运输网络，提供市场信息支持产业发展；转进型产业为传统种植业和特色养殖业，应通过建立冷链物流等基础设施、培训农户种养能力，提高农户市场参与度；“弯道超车型”产业为酒类制造和傣药生产等，应通过联合农户开发制造技术体系，协助注册品牌商标，建设生产和成品制造基地等促进产业发展，从而完成了逻辑框架的实践检验。总体上，因势利导逻辑框架既结合实际又着眼未来，为乡镇政府的产业政策决策提供了理论指导和经验借鉴。
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| 关 键 词： | 乡镇 有为政府 产业政策 新结构经济学 西双版纳州 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-24 |
The Logic and Test of the Industrial Policy of"Active Government"in Towns: The Perspective of New Structural Economics |
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| Li Da,Zhang Shaowen.The Logic and Test of the Industrial Policy of"Active Government"in Towns: The Perspective of New Structural Economics[J].Tropical Geography,2022,42(1):113-122. |
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| Authors: | Li Da Zhang Shaowen |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Urbanization Research, Beijing City University, Beijing 100083, China;2.School of Economics and Management, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | From targeted poverty alleviation to rural revitalization and from industrial poverty alleviation to industrial prosperity, the township government is the policy frontier in the implementation of the national strategy. In this regard, the cohesion, rationality, effectiveness of policies, and even industrial policies are key indicators for testing the governance capabilities of grassroots governments. To understand why the township government chooses the right industry and formulate a reasonable industrial policy in rural revitalization, the new structural economics of "growth identification and contingent guidance framework" is used to analyze and put forward a logical framework for the evolution of the industrial policy of the township's "active government." This involves the following. The first is industry selection, i.e., selecting industries with similar resource endowments and constraints based on the "two-step six-track method"; relying on the growth identification and facilitation framework (GIFF) analysis framework of new structural economics; selecting industries based on the science of historical culture, institutional background, geographical environment, and economic foundation; and "to cross the river by feeling the stones." When choosing a target, do not surpass the limits of your own development and blindly seek high level and fast speed. It is necessary to set the annual target reasonably to ensure "jump and touch." The second is policy formulation, i.e., formulating reasonable policy content and selecting appropriate policy tools for the selected industries to support industrial development. It involves in-depth analysis of the constraints of the selected industries; prescribing the right remedy; putting forward the basic outline of the policy; and grasping the policy direction. By eliminating industrial constraints, industrial cultivation, and enterprise support, the industrial structure can be gradually adjusted and optimized, and the development of leading industries can be steadily promoted. It further involves focusing on relying on the private market, information, subsidies, and other policy tools as the main means, and using the "active government" to guide enterprises to gain development space through the "effective market." Based on the aforementioned logical framework, the present situation of the industry in Menghan Town, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and the comparative advantage industries of target townships were analyzed; specific policy recommendations were provided for the industrial development of Menghan Town; and a practical test of the logical framework was completed. The township government should constantly adjust the goals and means of industrial policy in the next stage according to the development stage and constraints. First, it is necessary to examine the comparative advantages of poverty alleviation industries, find targets within counties and provinces, and classify poverty alleviation industries scientifically. Conversely, appropriate policy tools must be selected to effectively eliminate constraints on industrial development and pave the way for the continued prosperity in the industry. Finally, the "active government" should make arrangements in advance and guide the industry to develop toward the two ends of the "smiling curve" through policies such as fiscal subsidies and tax reductions and exemptions. |
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| Keywords: | township active government industrial policy new structural economics Xishuangbanna Prefecture |
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