| 1990-2010年中国土地覆被变化引起反照率改变的辐射强迫 |
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| 引用本文： | 翟俊,刘荣高,刘纪远,赵国松.1990-2010年中国土地覆被变化引起反照率改变的辐射强迫[J].地理学报,2013,68(7):875-885. |
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| 作者姓名： | 翟俊 刘荣高 刘纪远 赵国松 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB950902);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05090303)~~ |
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| 摘 要： | 土地覆被变化通过改变地表反照率而影响地表辐射收支与能量平衡,从而对区域和全球气候产生影响。本文利用高时空分辨率遥感数据分析1990-2010 年中国土地覆被变化改变地表反照率的时空驱动机制,并计算全国50 个生态区地表反照率变化导致的年际尺度辐射强迫,揭示土地覆被变化在生态区尺度上影响气候变化的生物地球物理机制。结果表明:1990-2010 年全国土地覆被变化以耕地开垦、草地沙化、城市化等人类土地利用活动导致的土地覆被变化最为明显,全国草地与林地面积分别减少了0.60%和0.11%;建设用地和耕地面积分别增加了0.60%和0.19%。全国土地覆被变化通过改变地表反照率引起的平均辐射强迫为0.062 W/m2,表现为增温的气候效应,但在生态区尺度辐射强迫空间差异很大。京津唐城镇与农城郊农业生态区主要土地覆被变化为耕地转为建设用地,引起地表反照率降低了0.00456,产生0.863 W/m2的辐射强迫,表现为增温的气候效应;而三江平原温带湿润农业与湿地生态区主要的土地覆被变化为林草地转为耕地,引起地表反照率升高了0.00152,产生-0.184 W/m2的辐射强迫,表现为降温的气候效应。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态区 下行短波辐射 地表辐射强迫 中国 地表反照率 土地覆被变化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-03-10 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013-04-29 |
Radiative forcing over China due to albedo change caused by land cover change during 1990-2010 |
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| ZHAI Jun,LIU Ronggao,LIU Jiyuan,ZHAO Guosong.Radiative forcing over China due to albedo change caused by land cover change during 1990-2010[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2013,68(7):875-885. |
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| Authors: | ZHAI Jun LIU Ronggao LIU Jiyuan ZHAO Guosong |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Land cover change affects surface radiation budget and energy balance by changing surface albedo, and further impact the regional and global climate. In this paper, the high spatial and temporal resolution remote sensing data were used to analyze the driving mechanism for surface albedo change caused by land cover change during 1990-2010. In addition, the annual scale radiative forcing caused by surface albedo changes in national 50 ecological regions were calculated to reveal the biophysical mechanisms of land cover change affecting climate change at regional scale. Results showed that during 1990-2010, the national land cover change were mainly caused by land reclamation, grassland desertification and urbanization, which were all induced by human land-use activities. Grassland and forest area decreased by 0.60% and 0.11%, respectively; while construction land and farmland area increased by 0.60% and 0.19%, respectively. The mean radiative forcing caused by land cover change during 1990-2010 was 0.062 W/m2 in China, indicating a warming climate effect. However, its spatial heterogeneity was very huge in different ecological regions. Conversion of farmland to construction land, as the main type of land cover change in the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan urban and agricultural suburban agro-ecological region, caused an albedo reduction of 0.00456, and the maximum positive radiative forcing was 0.863 W/m2 with warming climate effect. Conversion of grassland and forest to farmland, as the main type of land cover change for the Sanjiang plain temperate-humid agriculture and wetland ecological region, caused an albedo increase of 0.00152 and the maximum negative radiative forcing was 0.184 W/m2 with cooling climate effect. |
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| Keywords: | downward shortwave radiation surface radiative forcing surface albedo land cover change China ecological region |
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