| 皖南旅游区乡村人居环境质量评价及影响分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨兴柱,王群.皖南旅游区乡村人居环境质量评价及影响分析[J].地理学报,2013,68(6):851-867. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨兴柱 王群 |
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| 作者单位： | 安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院, 旅游发展与规划研究中心, 芜湖241002 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究项目(10YJC630339);国家自然科学基金项目(41101154;41230631;41201149)~~ |
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| 摘 要： | 旅游区乡村人居环境质量是乡村发展转型进程的综合表现形式之一。论文从基础设施、公共服务设施、能源消费结构、居住条件、环境卫生5 个方面构建了乡村人居环境质量差异评价指标体系,运用因子分析法、熵值法和典型相关分析方法对皖南旅游区进行实证测度,探讨该区乡村人居环境质量差异特征及其影响因子。研究表明:① 皖南旅游区乡村人居环境质量综合得分总体上呈现“双核突出,中部跟进,外围凹陷”的异质异构空间格局;②基础设施空间呈现“三核并驾,北高南低”分布结构,主要位于屯溪区、青阳县和案例区北部,展现东西向渐变特征;③ 公共服务设施兼具“双核”分布特征;④ 能源消费结构和居住条件呈现以屯溪区为核心的单核结构;⑤ 环境卫生则主要集中在在歙县和宁国市。乡村人居环境质量受到自然地理环境、社会经济发展、旅游发展、地域文化等自然和人文多种因素综合影响,其作用大小、方向存在明显差异。气候条件、贫困程度、空间距离3 个因子对乡村人居环境质量产生负向影响,其余因子均为正向影响。自然地理环境、地域文化等是在乡村发展过程中长期延续积累下来的对人居环境质量起到相对稳定作用。旅游发展过程中注入的一系列新型人地关系因素是当前影响皖南旅游区人居环境关键性驱动力。影响因子与评价因子两组变量之间存在典型的相互依赖、相互制约关系。同时,影响因子对人居环境质量产生直接效应,并通过其他变量对人居环境质量产生间接作用效果。
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| 关 键 词： | 差异评价 典型相关分析法 皖南旅游区 乡村人居环境 熵值法 影响因子 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-04-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013-02-21 |
Evaluation of rural human settlement quality difference and its driving factors in tourism area of southern Anhui Province |
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| YANG Xingzhu,WANG Qun.Evaluation of rural human settlement quality difference and its driving factors in tourism area of southern Anhui Province[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2013,68(6):851-867. |
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| Authors: | YANG Xingzhu WANG Qun |
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| Institution: | Research Center of Tourism Planning and Development, College of Territorial Resources and Tourism,Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China |
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| Abstract: | Rapid development of tourism has led to unprecedented changes in the economic, social and environmental conditions of tourism destinations. Under the background of the rapid tourismification, quality of rural human settlements is one of the manifestations of rural transformation development. By choosing the infrastructure, public service facilities, energy consumption structure, living conditions, and environmental sanitation as the evaluation factors, this study built an evaluation index system of the rural human settlement quality. Then, this paper presented an empirical analysis of rural human settlements in tourism area of southern Anhui Province, with the method of factor analysis, entropy method, and canonical correlation. Results show that the overall score of the quality presents "dual-core structure, the rise of central region and the collapse of the periphery" phenomenon. The infrastructure has the pattern of "triple-core structure and more dense than the south". The higher level spatial units are mainly located in Tunxi District, Qingyang County and northern part of the province. The public service facilities have the pattern of "dual-core structure". The mononuclear structure of energy consumption structure and living conditions were concentrated in Tunxi District. However, the core of environmental sanitation is mainly concentrated in Shexian and Ningguo counties. Meanwhile, a variety of influencing factors interact to determine quality of rural human settlements. The paper focused on natural environment, socio-economic development, tourism development, and regional culture. Based on the differences between their effective way and degree to quality of rural human settlements, these influencing factors are classified into positive and negative factors. Climatic conditions, poverty level and spatial distance have direct negative impact on quality of rural human settlements, while the remaining factors have direct positive impact. Natural environment and regional culture play a relatively stable role in rural human settlements evolution. Tourism development is a key driving force to generate the rural human settlement quality difference. Tourism development factors including the level of tourism economy, the endowment of tourism resources, tourism services and facilities, and tourism location, are able to significantly explain quality differences of rural human settlements. At the same time, the two sets of variables between influencing factors and evaluation factors have the typical mutually dependent and interacting relationship. The influencing factors have direct effects on the quality of rural human settlements, and generate the indirect effects on quality of rural human settlements by the evaluation factors. |
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| Keywords: | difference evaluation driving factors canonical correlation analysis tourism area in southern Anhui Province entropy method rural human settlements |
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