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| 典型岩溶农业区土地利用变化对土壤性质的影响——以云南小江流域为例 | |
| 引用本文： | 蒋勇军,袁道先,章程,况明生,王建力,谢世友,张贵,何绕生.典型岩溶农业区土地利用变化对土壤性质的影响——以云南小江流域为例[J].地理学报,2005,60(5):751-760. |
| 作者姓名： | 蒋勇军 袁道先 章程 况明生 王建力 谢世友 张贵 何绕生 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 西南大学资源与环境科学学院,重庆,400715 2. 西南大学资源与环境科学学院,重庆,400715;中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所、国土资源部岩溶动力学开放研究实验室,桂林,54100 3. 云南省地质调查院,昆明,650041 |
| 基金项目： | 西南大学校科研和校改项目;重庆市科委科研项目;国土资源部科研项目 |
| 摘 要： | 以云南省泸西县小江典型岩溶农业流域为研究单元,分析了流域1982￣2003年土地利用的变化及定点对比分析不同土地利用变化下土壤性质的变化,结果表明:小江流域1982￣2003年610.12km2的土地利用发生了变化,变化类型主要是由未利用地向耕地、林地以及林地向耕地的转变,人口的增加、社会、经济的发展和理智的生态决策是流域土地利用变化的主要原因;林地、未利用地转变为耕地后,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷含量大幅度降低,土壤pH明显升高,全钾、速效钾含量增加;短时间的退耕还林,土壤性质变化不明显;耕地转变为园地后,土壤性质得到明显的改善;而耕地转变为石漠化土地后,土壤性质发生显著变化,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷含量大幅度降低,土壤pH明显升高;同时,研究表明土地利用变化对碳酸盐岩地层中发育的土壤性质的影响强度明显大于砂页岩地层中发育的土壤,表明碳酸盐岩地层中发育的土壤十分脆弱。 |
| 关 键 词： | 岩溶农业区 土地利用 土壤性质 小江流域 云南 |
| 收稿时间： | 6/9/2005 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-07-28 |
Impact of Land Use Change on Soil Properties in a Typical Karst Agricultural Region: A Case Study of Xiaojiang Watershed, Yunnan |
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| JIANG Yongjun,YUAN Daoxian,ZHANG Cheng,KUANG Mingsheng,WANG Jianli,XIE Shiyou,ZHANG Gui,HE Raosheng.Impact of Land Use Change on Soil Properties in a Typical Karst Agricultural Region: A Case Study of Xiaojiang Watershed, Yunnan[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2005,60(5):751-760. | |
| Authors: | JIANG Yongjun YUAN Daoxian ZHANG Cheng KUANG Mingsheng WANG Jianli XIE Shiyou ZHANG Gui HE Raosheng |
| Institution: | 1. College of Resources and Environment Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; 2. Institute of Geology Investigation in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650041, China; 3. Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Karst Dynamics Laboratory, MLR, Guilin 541004, China |
| Abstract: | Karst has been regarded as a fragile environment by environmental scientists. Because of karst system with a low capacity, it is difficult to restore if once disturbed.Changes in environment are not unique throughout the karst region, but a karst region is moresensitive than other regions. In the present study we analyzed the land use changes from 1982to 2003, and assessed the effects of land use changes on pH value, organic matter (OM), totalnitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), available nitrogen (AN), availablephosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK) in soils of Xiaojing watershed, a typical karstagricultural region in Yunan province, Southwest China. The results indicate: (1) The totalland converted covers an area of 610.12 km2, of which 134.29 km2 of forestland wereconverted into cultivated land, and 210 km2 of unused land were converted into cultivatedland during the past 20 years in Xiaojiang watershed. (2) The rapid growth of population andthe economic development were the main driving forces of cultivated land change, and thecomparative economic benefits from the macro-policies such as eco-environmental protectionwere important driving forces of forestland change in Xiaojiang watershed during the past 20years. (3) Because of land use change, the soil properties have been changed significantly. ThepH value, OM, TN, TP, TK, AN, AP and AK in soils in 1982 were 6.3, 38.02 g/kg, 1.86g/kg, 1.63 g/kg, 10.94 g/kg, 114.42 mg/kg, 11.65 mg/kg and 64.69 mg/kg, respectively; andthose in 2003 were 6.73, 25.26 g/kg, 1.41g/kg, 0.99 g/kg, 12.6 g/kg, 113.43 mg/kg and 11.11mg/kg, 151.59 mg/kg, respectively. Pared samples t-test of the tested indices of soil propertiesindicate that those indices have changed significantly during the past 20 years. (4) Because ofthe differences of land use change, the soil properties change differently. The contents of thesoil OM, TN, TP in 2003 were significantly lower than those in 1982 after the forestland andunused land were converted into cultivated land, but the pH of soil increased significantly in2003, especially the properties of the soils developed from the carbonate rock strata changedmost significantly. The soil properties change was mainly attributed to deforestation, water andsoil erosion, and the low land management level after the forestland and unused land wereconverted into the cultivated land. Because of lack of the vegetation cover and the landmanagement, the contents of soil OM, TN, and TP for short-time reforested land alsodecreased, but the soil pH increased. Because of the use of more fertilizer and theimprovement of land management, the soil properties improved significantly after thecultivated land was converted into orchard land. But due to unreasonable human activities tothe fragile soils in the karst region, the land became rock desertified. The content of the soilOM, TN, TP, AN and AP decreased significantly, but the soil pH increased significantly afterland converted became rock desertified. (5) Also, with the changes in land use and soilameliorative measures, the modifications of properties of soils developed from the carbonaterock strata were more sensitive than those from the sandstone strata. |
| Keywords: | land use typical karst agricultural region soil properties Xiaojiang watershed Yunnan |
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