Applying bi-directional evolutionary structural optimisation method for tunnel reinforcement design considering nonlinear material behaviour |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, People’s Republic of China;2. College of Foreign Languages, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, Shandong, People’s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | In the empirical methods for reinforcement design of underground excavations, an even distribution of rock bolts is generally recommended. This work proves that this design is not necessarily optimal and shows how the state-of-the-art reinforcement design could be improved through topology optimisation techniques. The Bidirectional Evolutionary Structural Optimisation (BESO) method has been extended to consider nonlinear material behaviour. An elastic perfectly-plastic Mohr–Coulomb model is utilised for both original rock and reinforced rock. External work along the tunnel wall is considered as the objective function. Various in situ stress conditions with different horizontal stress ratios and different geostatic stress magnitudes are investigated through several examples. The outcomes show that the proposed approach is capable of improving tunnel reinforcement design. Also, significant difference in optimal reinforcement distribution for the cases of linear and nonlinear analysis results proves the importance of the influence of realistic nonlinear material properties on the final outcome. |
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| Keywords: | Topology optimisation BESO method Nonlinear material behaviour Tunnel reinforcement |
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