A constitutive model for coal-fouled ballast capturing the effects of particle degradation |
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| Institution: | 1. Civil Engineering, Univ. of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;2. Centre for Geomechanics and Railway Engineering, Univ. of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;3. ARC Centre of Excellence for Geotechnical Science and Engineering, Univ. of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;4. Civil Engineering, City Univ. of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;5. Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;6. Civil Engineering, Univ. of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia;7. ARC Centre of Excellence for Geotechnical Science and Engineering, Univ. of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA;1. Key Laboratory of High-Speed Railway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;2. Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China;1. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628CN, Netherlands;2. School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;1. School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China;2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering for Stability Control and Health Monitoring, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China;3. Department of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, PR China;4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China |
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| Abstract: | Rail tracks undergo degradation owing to particle breakage and fouling of ballast by various fines including coal and subgrade soil. As the ballast becomes fouled, its strength and drainage capacity are compromised, sometimes resulting in differential settlement and reduced track stability. This paper demonstrates a continuum mechanics based framework to evaluate the detrimental effect of fines on the strength, deformation and degradation of coal-fouled ballast under monotonic loading. An elastoplastic constitutive model that considers the effect of fines content and energy consumption associated with particle breakage during shearing is presented. This multiphase constitutive model is developed within a critical state framework based on a kinematic-type yield locus and a modified stress-dilatancy approach. A general formulation for the rate of ballast breakage and coal particle breakage during triaxial shearing is presented and incorporated into the plastic flow rule to accurately predict the stress–strain response of coal-fouled ballast at various confining pressures. The behaviour of ballast at various levels of fouling is analysed and validated by experimental data. |
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| Keywords: | Constitutive modelling Fouling Deformation Particle breakage |
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