| 基于不同开采方式的煤矿涌水量预测及其环境影响分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 韦华鹏,罗奇斌,康卫东,张子琛.基于不同开采方式的煤矿涌水量预测及其环境影响分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2023,50(1):21-31. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韦华鹏 罗奇斌 康卫东 张子琛 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西北大学地质学系, 陕西 西安 710069 |
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| 基金项目： | 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2021JLM-14） |
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| 摘 要： | 煤矿开采不当会对水资源与水环境造成破坏，尤其在生态环境相对脆弱地区更是如此。针对目前矿井涌水量预测大多以单一工作面或煤矿为评价单元，对沟域内煤矿群同时长期开采的地下水环境影响重视不够。选择头道河则沟域为研究区，以地下水勘查、井田勘探资料为依据，构建了头道河则完整沟域的地下水三维非稳定流数值模型，根据地下水、地表水监测数据和煤矿群开采涌水量的长观资料进行模型的识别与验证，以9#煤矿为典型矿区，分析综采和条带充填2种不同开采方式下矿井涌水量及其对水环境的影响。研究结果表明：(1)综采状态下，矿井涌水量增加0.70×104 m3/d，导致地下水溢出量减少0.20×104 m3/d，引发矿区及区域地下水水位下降0.21～17.92 m；条带充填开采状态下，矿井涌水量增加0.11×104 m3/d，导致地下水溢出量减少0.04×104 m3/d，引发矿区及区域地下水水位下降0.01～0.44 m。(2)煤矿按综采方式开采，...
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| 关 键 词： | 矿井涌水量 数值模拟 环境影响 煤矿群开采 煤矿综采 煤矿充填开采 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-20 |
Prediction of coal mine water inflow by different mining methods and environment impact analyses |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, China2.State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwestern University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, China |
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| Abstract: | Improper mining of coal mines can cause damage to water resources and the water environment, especially in areas with relatively fragile ecological environment. At present, the prediction of mine water inflow mainly focuses on the single working face or mining area, and enough attention has not been paid to the influence of long-term mining of coal groups in the gully on groundwater environment. The Toudaoheze gully is selected as the study area. Based on the data of groundwater exploration and coal field investigation, a 3D numerical model of groundwater unsteady flow of the whole gully is constructed. The model is identified and verified with the monitoring data of groundwater and surface water and the long-term data of mine water inflow in coal groups. Taking 9# coal mine as a typical area, the mine water inflow and its influence on water environment under the fully mechanized mining and strip filling mining methods are analyzed. The main results show that (1) under the fully mechanized mining method, the increase of mine water inflow is 0.70×104 m3/d, resulting in the reduction of groundwater overflow of 0.20×104 m3/d and causing groundwater level to drop between 0.21 and 17.92 m in the mining area and region. Under the strip filling mining method, the increase of mine water inflow is 0.11×104 m3/d, resulting in the reduction of groundwater overflow is 0.04×104 m3/d and causing groundwater level to drop between 0.01 and 0.44 m in mining area and region. (2) The water-conducting fracture zone connects with a large area of the Quaternary phreatic aquifer under the fully mechanized mining method, and mine water inflow has a great impact on water environment. If the strip filling method is carried out, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone will be greatly reduced, and the Quaternary phreatic aquifer will not be connected, and mine water inflow will have less impact on water environment. The filling mining method can be adopted when coal mining in the area has small thickness of strata above the coal seam. The results can provide a basis or reference for the formulation of mining schemes in the study area or other similar coal fields, and for scientifically handling the relationship between coal resource mining and ecological environmental protection. |
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