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| 国际及省际贸易视角下的中国虚拟水和隐含能源流通规律分析 | |
| 引用本文： | 洪思扬,王红瑞,程涛,梁俊芬,方伟.国际及省际贸易视角下的中国虚拟水和隐含能源流通规律分析[J].地理科学,2022,42(10):1735-1746. |
| 作者姓名： | 洪思扬 王红瑞 程涛 梁俊芬 方伟 |
| 作者单位： | 1.广东省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所，广东 广州 510640 2.北京师范大学水科学研究院城市水循环与海绵城市技术北京市重点实验室，北京 100875 3.广东省水利水电科学研究院，广东 广州 510000 |
| 基金项目： | 广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD21YYJ15);广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划项目(2021GZGJ25);广州市科技计划项目(202201011166);广州市科技计划项目(202201011541);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515010898);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD19YYJ07);广东省农业科学院“十四五”新兴学科团队项目“产业经济与都市农业团队”(202124TD) |
| 摘 要： | 核算了世界各国（地区）与中国，以及中国省际间的资源流通量，量化了贸易视角下水资源与能源的相互消耗量，从“源”与“汇”的视角描绘了各类资源从自然界进入经济系统到最终使用的整个过程。结果表明：① 中国虚拟水呈净流出状态，国际虚拟水贸易加重了中国的水资源压力；国际隐含能源贸易抵消了虚拟水净出口量的三分之一，缓解了中国的水资源压力。② 中国隐含能源呈净进口状态，国际隐含能源贸易缓解了中国的能源使用压力；国际虚拟水贸易加重了中国的能源使用压力，但影响程度较弱。③ 虚拟水主要通过农业和制造业进入社会经济系统，隐含能源主要通过矿业和制造业进入社会经济系统；固定资本形成和城镇生活消费是虚拟水和隐含能源的主要最终使用方式，数值分别为1735.42亿m3和2117.24亿m3，6.25×107 TJ和2.73×107 TJ。④ 中国各省份最终使用的水耗能源总量为8.73×106 TJ，占隐含能源总量的3.27%，低于能源耗水在虚拟水中的比重（9.63%）。能源省际贸易相比于水资源而言更为活跃，能源耗水在水?能纽带关系中起主导作用。 |
| 关 键 词： | 水?能源纽带 虚拟水 隐含能源 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-19 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-08-16 |
Circulation Characteristics of Virtual Water and Embodied Energy in China from the Perspective of International and Inter-provincial Trade |
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| Hong Siyang,Wang Hongrui,Cheng Tao,Liang Junfen,Fang Wei.Circulation Characteristics of Virtual Water and Embodied Energy in China from the Perspective of International and Inter-provincial Trade[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2022,42(10):1735-1746. | |
| Authors: | Hong Siyang Wang Hongrui Cheng Tao Liang Junfen Fang Wei |
| Institution: | 1. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China 2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 3. Guangdong Research Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China |
| Abstract: | The geographical mismatch between the supply and demand sides of water and energy is severe in China, two kinds of resources circulate between provinces and sectors in physical form or through products and services. Two kinds of resources consume each other, and the complicated interweave relationship increases the difficulty of resource management. Based on the three-scale embodied resource intensity, this paper calculated embodied resources circulation between different countries (regions) and China, as well as between provinces in China, quantified the mutual consumption of water and energy from the perspective of trade, depicted the source-to-sink flow characteristics of water and energy in China from the natural world to the final use, and analyzed the embodied resources in the final use from the perspective of provinces. The results showed that: 1) Virtual water was in the state of net outflow in China, the international virtual water trade has increased pressure on China’s water. The international energy trade offset one-third of the net exported virtual water, and alleviated China’s water resource pressure. 2) Embodied energy was in the state of net import in China, the international energy trade has alleviated pressure on China’s energy. The international water trade has increased the pressure on energy use in China, but the impact was relatively weak. 3) Virtual water entered the socioeconomic system mainly through the agricultural and manufacturing sectors, embodied energy entered the socioeconomic system mainly through the mining and manufacturing sectors, urban living consumption and fixed capital formation were two main forms of consumption of virtual water and embodied energy, with values of 173.54 billion m3 and 211.72 billion m3, 6.25×107 TJ and 2.73×107 TJ, respectively. 4) The total final used water-induced energy in all provinces in China was 8.73×106 TJ, accounting for 3.27% of the total embodied energy, and was lower than the proportion of energy-induced water in virtual water (9.63%). The inter-provincial trade of energy is more active than water, water consumption of energy plays a leading role in the water-energy nexus. |
| Keywords: | water-energy nexus virtual water embodied energy China |
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