| 学习波普尔哲学，加快科学研究进程 |
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| 引用本文： | 张,旗.学习波普尔哲学，加快科学研究进程[J].甘肃地质学报,2021(3):1-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张 旗 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，北京 １00029 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室项目《镁铁—超镁铁岩大数据研究》（81300001）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 中国科学界现在采用的研究方法是证实的方法，归纳的方法。波普尔强烈批评了证实的方法，指出证实不可能达到全称理论。哲学的本质是批判的，科学的本质也是批判的，因此，波普尔坚持科学研究的方法是证伪而不是证实。证伪的方法不仅是正确的科学研究的方法，还能够大幅度提高科学研究的速度与进度。因为，采用证伪的方法，只要抓住关键的证据，切中要害，就可以一剑封喉，一锤定音。科学在本质上是进步的，科学是向前发展的。美国哲学家库恩指出，并不是所有的科学研究统统是向着真理方向前进的。有些科学家在兢兢业业地研究，可是，他们的研究却不一定是在为真理添砖加瓦。科学是探索未知，追求真理，如果研究的方向与真理背道而驰，则越研究离真理越远。文中讨论了中国学术界关注度较高的几个问题，如大陆深俯冲、岩石圈减薄、北方造山带、板块构造启动时间，还有笔者研究过的双沟蛇绿岩等，指出研究中存在的问题。当务之急是改弦易辙，采用证伪的方法，加快科学研究的进程。这样，中国科学才能独立于世界科学之林。
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| 关 键 词： | 波普尔 库恩 证伪 双沟蛇绿岩 岩石圈减薄 大陆深俯冲 北方造山带 热板块 冷板块 |
Studying Karl Popper Philosophy, Accelerating Progress of Scientific Research |
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| ZHANG Qi.Studying Karl Popper Philosophy, Accelerating Progress of Scientific Research[J].Acta Geologica Gansu,2021(3):1-14. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Qi |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China |
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| Abstract: | The research method used by Chinese scientific community is that of confirmation and induction. Karl Popper strongly criticized the method of confirmation, since it cannot lead to full name judgement. The essence of both philosophy and science is critical, thus Popper insisted on the idea that the method of scientific research is falsification rather than confirmation. The method of falsification not only is a meaning of right scientific research, but also significantly promotes the speed of progress of scientific research. Therefore, one can use the method of falsification, by finding the vital evidences, to give the final word. The essence of science is progressing, and science itself moves forward. However, American philologist Kuhn pointed out that not all actions of scientific research move forward to the truth. Some scientists work hard but their conclusions make little contribution to the truth. The aim of science is exploring the unknown and seeking truth. If scientific actions are opposite to the truth, then corresponding conclusions will be far from the truth. The problems, such as distinguishing Shuanggou ophiolite in China, in this paper may lead to new theories. Our immediate concern is to promote the development of Chinese scientific research by using the method of falsification. This will make China stand among world nations. |
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