| 兰州市寺儿沟泥石流物源特征及其危险性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 马思琦,杨为民,张春山,渠敬凯,万飞鹏,唐海兵.兰州市寺儿沟泥石流物源特征及其危险性分析[J].地质力学学报,2022,28(6):1059-1070. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马思琦 杨为民 张春山 渠敬凯 万飞鹏 唐海兵 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部基地与人才项目2019QZKK0902 |
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| 摘 要： | 寺儿沟流域位于甘肃省兰州市西固区, 历史上曾发生过大规模泥石流, 造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。文章基于野外调查和遥感解译, 结合已有文献成果和室内测试, 研究寺儿沟泥石流物源特征及影响因素, 采用FLO-2D软件模拟分析泥石流的危险性。研究结果表明: 寺儿沟以黏性泥石流为主, 表现为低频活动, 目前处于衰退期; 寺儿沟流域内物源丰富, 可分为坡面型物源、崩滑型物源、沟道型物源和人为型物源共4种, 其中崩滑型、沟道型物源控制了泥石流的暴发规模; 而一次性冲出量的大小主要取决于泥石流起动时崩滑体的发育程度, 崩滑体越发育, 一次性冲出量越大, 泥石流规模越大; 在临界降雨条件下, 寺儿沟将会暴发泥石流, 中—高危险区集中于流通区, 严重威胁冲沟内构筑物如兰西高铁、环城高速等安全运营。当遭遇极端强降雨时, 寺儿沟将暴发更大规模泥石流。因此, 有必要进一步研究极端天气条件下泥石流的危险性, 为区内泥石流的防灾减灾提供地质依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 地质灾害 泥石流 物源 滑坡 危险性 寺儿沟 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-09-14 |
Provenance characteristics and risk analysis of debris flows in Siergou,Lanzhou City |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China2.Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China3.Research Center of Neotectonism and Crustal Stability, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100081, China4.China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Located in the Xigu District of Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, the Siergou watershed has historically experienced large-scale debris flows that have caused significant casualties and property damage. Based on the field survey and remote sensing interpretation, we studied the characteristics of the material source and influencing factors of the debris flows in Siergou through existing literature and indoor tests. We used the FLO-2D software to simulate and analyze the risk of debris flows. The results show that Siergou is dominated by viscous debris flows, which exhibit low-frequency activity and are currently in recession. There are abundant material sources in the Siergou watershed, which can be classified into four types: slope-type, landslide-type, ditch-type, and manmade-type, among which the landslide-type and ditch-type source control the outbreak scale of debris flow. The volume of a one-time flush-out mainly depends on the development degree of a landslide when the landslide occurs. The more developed the landslide is, the larger the one-time flush-out volume is and the larger the scale of the debris flow is. Under critical rainfall conditions, debris flows will break out in Siergou and deposit on the circulation area, forming medium-high risk areas, which seriously threaten the safe operation of the infrastructure in the gully, such as the Lanzhou-Xining high-speed railway and the beltways of the Lanzhou City. When extreme heavy rainfall is encountered, larger-scale debris flows will break out in Siergou. Therefore, further study of the risk of debris flows under extreme weather conditions is necessary to provide a geological basis for debris flow prevention and mitigation in this region. |
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