| 北京密云水库小流域非点源污染负荷估算 |
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| 引用本文： | 王晓燕,王晓峰,汪清平,王振刚,蔡新广.北京密云水库小流域非点源污染负荷估算[J].地理科学,2004,24(2):227-231. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王晓燕 王晓峰 汪清平 王振刚 蔡新广 |
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| 作者单位： | 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京,100037;北京市密云县水土保持工作站,北京,101500 |
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| 基金项目： | 北京市科技新星计划(953810300)，教育部高等学校骨干教师计划(518)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据不同类型的非点源污染发生区，选择若干径流小区，进行降雨、径流量、径流水质同步监测，分析不同土地利用类型小区地表径流和泥沙中氮、磷的流失情况。根据地貌特征和土地利用情况，利用通用土壤流失方程和SCS法分别计算不同土地利用类型区土壤侵蚀量和径流量，分析氮、磷的流失特点。结果表明：坡耕地和荒草坡单位面积土壤流失量比较严重；村庄中溶解态氮的流失量最多；村庄和坡耕地是氮、磷流失的重点区域。
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| 关 键 词： | 密云水库 小流域 非点源污染负荷 土地利用 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0690(2004)02-0227-05 |
Loss of Non-point Source Pollutants from Shixia Small Watershed, Miyun Reservoir, Beijing |
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| WANG Xiao-Yan,WANG Xiao-Feng,WANG Qing-Ping,Wang Zhen-Gang,CAI Xin-Guang.Loss of Non-point Source Pollutants from Shixia Small Watershed, Miyun Reservoir, Beijing[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2004,24(2):227-231. |
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| Authors: | WANG Xiao-Yan WANG Xiao-Feng WANG Qing-Ping Wang Zhen-Gang CAI Xin-Guang |
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| Institution: | WANG Xiao-Yan~1,WANG Xiao-Feng~1,WANG Qing-Ping~1,Wang Zhen-Gang~1,CAI Xin-Guang~2 |
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| Abstract: | Nitrogen and phosphorus, coming mainly from non-point sources (NPS), are major nutrients to cause eutrophication to degrade water quality of Miyun Reservoir, and the only source of surface drinking water in Beijing, China. Based on the land use and geographical condition, the research area is classified into different types of non-point source areas as follows: agricultural land, forestland, orchard, garigue and village. Several runoff units of various land use areas are selected to monitor rainfall, runoff and water quality synchronously for nutrient loss from runoff and sediment at various land use areas. On the basis of geomorphic and land use, this small watershed is divided into several plots. Using USLE equation and SCS runoff curve, soil erosion mount and runoff of each plot are calculated. Considering the actual concentration of nutrient, loading of nutrient of surface runoff and sediment are estimated. The results show that TP, TN concentrations of diffuse samples from villages and livestock units are nearly 10 times of that in other land use areas. High nutrient loads are associated with village land use, which has improper livestock breeding. These areas should be treated as critical areas of non-point source pollution. Different land use influences intensively the loss of pollutants, especially slope tilling in agricultural land. The amount of nutrient loss from per agricultural land and orchard is the highest, then is that from garigue. Nutrient is enriched in sediment. Phosphorus is migrated with sediment, while the dissoluble form in runoff is very little. Being carrier of loss nutrients, the fine particles are thought to be the controlling focus. |
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| Keywords: | Miyun Reservoir small watershed non-point source pollution load land use |
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