| 城市洪涝中雨水口泄流能力的试验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈倩,夏军强,董柏良.城市洪涝中雨水口泄流能力的试验研究[J].水科学进展,2020,31(1):10-17. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈倩 夏军强 董柏良 |
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| 作者单位： | 武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072;武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072;武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51725902； 41890823） |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来中国城市洪涝灾害频发,对人民群众的生命财产安全造成了严重威胁,其中雨水口泄流能力的大小对于计算受淹区的积水程度或路面雨水的排除效率至关重要。为此本研究专门修建了具有上下两层结构的城市洪涝过程综合试验平台,考虑雨篦子、雨水井及侧支管等完整的雨水口结构,开展了76组不同来流水深及流速下的雨水口泄流能力试验。试验结果表明:雨水口的下泄流量在井身充满前后表现出不同的变化规律,即在雨水井充满前,路面雨水以堰流形式下泄;在雨水井充满后,以管嘴出流形式下泄。基于试验数据率定出雨水口堰流及管嘴出流时的流量系数,并进一步采用量纲分析法,建立雨水口的泄流能力与雨篦子尺寸、篦前水流的弗劳德数等因素之间的经验关系,具有较高的相关系数。采用本文公式计算原型尺寸雨水口的泄流能力,并与中国现行雨水口泄流能力的参考值进行对比,发现当水深较大时现行参考值偏大较多。本研究成果能为精细化的城市洪涝管理提供计算依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市洪涝 雨水口 泄流能力 模型试验 量纲分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-04-03 |
Experimental study on discharge capacity of street inlet in urban flooding |
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| CHEN Qian,XIA Junqiang,DONG Boliang.Experimental study on discharge capacity of street inlet in urban flooding[J].Advances in Water Science,2020,31(1):10-17. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Qian XIA Junqiang DONG Boliang |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China |
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| Abstract: | Urban flood disasters have occurred frequently in recent years in China,causing a serious threat to urban management and the safety of people and property. The discharge capacity of street inlet is very important to the drainage efficiency in flood-prone areas. Laboratory experiments on the discharge capacity of street inlet were conducted under various flow conditions based on a two-layer platform,covering the upper street layer,the triangular weir tank underneath,and a combination of grate inlet,catch basin and side tube between those two layers. The results show that:the grate inlet was operated like a weir when the catch basin was not full;while the combination was operated as a nozzle after it was full. Based on the experimental data,the discharge coefficients were calibrated for the types of weir and nozzle,respectively. Furthermore,an empirical formula for the discharge capacity of inlet was innovatively derived using the method of dimensional analysis,and the ratio of the composite velocity through inlet to the incoming velocity in front of grate inlet was expressed as a power function of the incoming Froude number. Finally,the proposed formula was validated in detail against existing experimental data for the real storm drain inlet,and it was found that under a higher incoming depth,the discharge capacity of inlet calculated by the proposed formula would be lower than the corresponding reference value adopted widely in practice. This study can provide quantitative basis for refined urban flood management. |
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| Keywords: | urban flood street inlet discharge capacity laboratory experiment dimensional analysis |
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