| Environmental geochemistry in disaster response and planning |
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| 作者姓名： | Geoffrey S. Plumlee |
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| 作者单位： | U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado, USA |
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| 摘 要： |
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| 关 键 词： | 环境地球化学 公共健康 灾难反应机制 地震 火山 城市火灾 |
Environmental geochemistry in disaster response and planning |
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| Geoffrey S. Plumlee.Environmental geochemistry in disaster response and planning[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,2006,25(B08):75-76. |
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| Abstract: | Large volumes of solid, gaseous, or liquid materials that are of potential concern from an environmental or public health perspective are commonly produced by natural or anthropogenic disasters, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, wildfires, urban fires, landslides, hurricanes, tsunamis, floods, windstorms, industrial spills, and terrorist attacks. Geochemical processes play key roles in the environmental and health impacts of these materials. Yet, process-focused environmental geochemistry expertise and characterization methods are often underutilized in disaster response and planning. In part, the scientific studies needed for detailed process characterization are difficult to plan and implement while the events are still underway, and delayed responses can miss key transient processes and byproducts. Further, emergency responders are focused primarily on identifying the types, amounts, and health hazards of contaminants produced by the event, thus the responders do not have the time or the need to collect the full range of appropriate geological, geochemical, microbiological and other data necessary to understand the full range of physical and chemical processes that influence contamination from these extreme events. A thorough characterization and understanding of geochemical and environmental processes that occur during specific disasters can be used to better anticipate effects of and plan for similar future disasters. A broad spectrum of environmental geochemistry capabilities can be applied to help emergency response authorities and the public health community in their initial hazardous materials assessments immediately following disasters. |
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| Keywords: | environmental geochemistry public health disaster planning disaster response |
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