1980 volcanic eruption reported on Marion Island |
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| Authors: | Wilhelm J Verwoerd Shaun Russell Aldo Berruti |
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| Institution: | Department of Geology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch South Africa;Members of the 37th Meteorological/Biological Relief Expedition to Marion Island,South Africa |
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| Abstract: | The first volcanic eruption in the recorded history of Marion Island (46°54′S, 37°45′E) occurred between February and October 1980 at a locality on the west coast. It was a minor event that passed unnoticed at the meteorological station 20 km distant. The discovery was made on November 4, by five expedition members who walked around the island. When examined in more detail on November 25, the lava was still warm in places and numerous fumaroles existed. Three blocky flows emanated from two adjacent cinder cones built-up on a pre-existing phreatomagmatic tuff cone known as Kaalkoppie. The largest flow covers an area of about seven hectares and a further two hectares have been inundated by ash. Another flow poured seawards to form a new beach front, blocking access to what was previously the largest elephant seal wallowing ground on the island. No earth tremors were felt and the activity seems to have ended for the time being. |
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