| 外源氮磷负荷比增加对刺苦草（Vallisneria spinulosa）生长的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张雪,郑建伟,周茂飞,殷春雨,关保华.外源氮磷负荷比增加对刺苦草（Vallisneria spinulosa）生长的影响[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(4):880-886. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张雪 郑建伟 周茂飞 殷春雨 关保华 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008,南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044,南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008,中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008,中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31270409）资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 磷(P)是水生态系统生产力的限制因子,因此,在水体富营养化治理的过程中,许多地方采取了有效的措施控制流域P的排放;但氮(N)来源复杂,难以有效控制,导致湖泊外源的N∶P负荷比日益扩大.植物的生长需要合适的N∶P比,因此,外源N∶P负荷比的增加可能会对沉水植物的生长产生影响.采取控制实验,将刺苦草(Vallisneria spinulosa)栽种于塑料桶中,每隔3 d添加1次N、P营养盐,实验设置5个处理,P外源性负荷量固定为4 mg/(m~2·d),N外源性负荷量分别为0、40、80、120、160 mg/(m~2·d).实验周期为80 d.结果显示:随着N∶P负荷比的增加,刺苦草的叶干重、植株总干重、根干重、叶N及总N含量、叶片数、叶P及总P含量等指标基本保持不变或略有增加,单株总根长、根茎长度、块茎干重和无性系小株数目则呈现下降趋势.结果表明:随外源N∶P负荷比的增加,刺苦草个体生长指标总体呈现不变的趋势,但与种群扩张潜力相关的指标如根茎长度、块茎干重和无性系小株数目等则呈现下降趋势;刺苦草体内累积的N随外源N∶P负荷比的增加而增加,但P的累积保持不变.说明N∶P负荷比的增加对刺苦草个体生长影响不大,但对种群扩张不利;刺苦草对P的吸收也并不随N∶P比的增加而改变.
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| 关 键 词： | 沉水植物 氮磷负荷比 生长 形态 种群扩张潜力 刺苦草 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/5/18 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/10/7 0:00:00 |
Effect of increasing nitrogen/phosphorus ratio in loading on the growth of Vallisneria spinulosa |
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| ZHANG Xue,ZHENG Jianwei,ZHOU Maofei,YIN Chunyu and GUAN Baohua.Effect of increasing nitrogen/phosphorus ratio in loading on the growth of Vallisneria spinulosa[J].Journal of Lake Science,2017,29(4):880-886. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xue ZHENG Jianwei ZHOU Maofei YIN Chunyu and GUAN Baohua |
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| Abstract: | Phosphorus (P) is a limiting factor for productivity in aquatic ecosystems. In order to control lake eutrophication, many effective measures are taken to control the P effluent in the basin, but nitrogen (N) is difficult to control due to its complex sources. Thus, the situation of low P but yet high N effluent results in a high ratio of N:P in loading in many lakes. Plants need a suitable N:P ratio to sustain their growth, therefore, the increasing of the N:P ratio in effluents might affect the growth of submerged macrophytes. To acquire an insight into the influence of increasing N:P ratios on the submerged plants, we carried out an outdoor control experiment. Vallisneria spinulosa was planted in plastic buckets with N and P added to the buckets every 3 days. We set up five treatments with an unchanging P loading dose of 4 mg/(m2·d), with a range of nitrogen loading dose including 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg/(m2·d). The experiment lasted for 80 days. Results showed that with an increase of the N:P ratio in the loading, some indicators were nearly stable, such as leaf dry weight, total plant dry weight, leaf N and total N content, leaf number, leaf P and total P content, while some other indicators, such as plant total root length, cloning stem length, stem dry weight and ramet numbers decreaed. The results above revealed that with an increasing N:P ratio in loading, individual growth indicators of V. spinulosa would remain stable or exhibit a minor increase, but that the indicators of population expansion ability, such as cloning stem length, tuber dry weight and ramet numbers, would decline, while the P absorption would not change with increasing N:P ratio in loading. |
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| Keywords: | Submerged macrophyte N:P ratio in loading growth morphology population expansion potential Vallisneria spinulosa |
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