| 天津市超高层建筑暖通空调设计气象参数评估 |
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| 引用本文： | 曹经福,杨艳娟,陈跃浩,王敏,郝立生.天津市超高层建筑暖通空调设计气象参数评估[J].气象与环境学报,2019,35(4):133-138. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曹经福 杨艳娟 陈跃浩 王敏 郝立生 |
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| 作者单位： | 天津市气候中心,天津,300074;中国建筑科学研究院有限公司,北京,100013 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划“京津冀超大城市和城市群的气候变化影响和适应研究”（2018YFA0606302）和天津市气象局科研项目“高层及超高层建筑节能设计气象参数理论算法研究”（201732ybxm18）共同资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用255m天津气象塔数据定量评估了建筑暖通空调设计气象参数随高度的变化及其对设计负荷的影响,建立了一种气温垂直模型,明确了该模型可推算超高层建筑室外气温,基于此推算超高层建筑暖通空调室外设计气象参数。结果表明:在5—200m处,供暖设计温度、冬季空调室外设计温度和夏季空调室外设计干球温度均随高度降低,200m与5m高度处相比,分别降低2.0℃、1.4℃和2.8℃,导致供暖和冬季空调设计负荷分别增加5.78%和1.36%,而夏季空调设计负荷减少5.85%。基于气温垂直模型得到的200—500m气温数据计算气象参数,发现从200m到500m,供暖设计温度、冬季空调室外设计温度和夏季空调室外设计干球温度均随高度降低,降幅分别为0.52℃/100m、0.50℃/100m和0.66℃/100m。本研究表明,基于地面2m高观测数据计算的建筑暖通空调设计气象参数无法满足超高层建筑暖通空调设计需求,应充分考虑气象参数的垂直变化,选择合理的气象参数,为超高层建筑暖通空调设计提供基础,以保证室内热舒适环境达标,达到降低建筑能耗的目的。
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| 关 键 词： | 超高层建筑 暖通空调 气象参数 气温垂直模型 设计负荷 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-07-16 |
Assessment on meteorological parameters designed for the Heating,Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems in super high-rise buildings in Tianjin |
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| CAO Jing-fu,YANG Yan-juan,CHEN Yue-hao,WANG Min,HAO Li-sheng.Assessment on meteorological parameters designed for the Heating,Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems in super high-rise buildings in Tianjin[J].Journal of Meteorology and Environment,2019,35(4):133-138. |
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| Authors: | CAO Jing-fu YANG Yan-juan CHEN Yue-hao WANG Min HAO Li-sheng |
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| Institution: | 1. Tianjin Climate Center, Tianjin 300074, China;2. Institute of Building Environment and Energy Efficiency, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, China |
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| Abstract: | The vertical variations of meteorological parameters designed for the Heating,Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems and their impact on the design load were analyzed using temperature data obtained from a 255-m meteorological tower in Tianjin.A vertical temperature model was established and it can be used to calculate outdoor air temperature of super high-rise buildings and then to determine the values of meteorological parameters of the HVAC system.The results indicated that design outdoor temperatures for heating and air-conditioning in winter and summer all decrease with height from 5 m to 200 m above the ground,by 2.0℃,1.0℃,and 2.8℃,respectively.Such variations of outdoor design temperatures lead to the increase in design load for heating and wintertime air-conditioning by 5.78% and 1.36%,respectively,and the decrease in design load for summertime air-conditioning by 5.85%.Using the vertical temperature model,the meteorological parameters for the HVAC systems between 200 m and 500 m were calculated.Outdoor design temperatures for heating and air-conditioning in winter and summer also exhibit a decreasing trend with height in a rate of 0.52℃/100 m,0.50℃/100 m,and 0.66℃/100 m from 200 m to 500 m,respectively.It is improper to only use the 2-m observational data to calculate the outdoor design meteorological parameters of HVAC systems for super high-rise buildings.The changes in these meteorological parameters with height should be fully considered in the design for super high-rise buildings,to improve the indoor thermal comfort and building energy efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | Super high-rise building Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Meteorological parameters Vertical temperature model Design load |
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