Nonlinear two-point flux approximation for modeling full-tensor effects in subsurface flow simulations |
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| Authors: | Yuguang Chen Bradley T Mallison Louis J Durlofsky |
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| Institution: | (1) Chevron Energy Technology Company, P.O. Box 6019, San Ramon, CA 94583-0719, USA;(2) Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2220, USA |
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| Abstract: | Subsurface flow models can exhibit strong full-tensor anisotropy due to either permeability or grid nonorthogonality effects.
Upscaling procedures, for example, generate full-tensor effects on the coarse scale even for cases in which the underlying
fine-scale permeability is isotropic. A multipoint flux approximation (MPFA) is often needed to accurately simulate flow for
such systems. In this paper, we present and apply a different approach, nonlinear two-point flux approximation (NTPFA), for
modeling systems with full-tensor effects. In NTPFA, transmissibility (which provides interblock connections) is determined
from reference global flux and pressure fields for a specific flow problem. These fields can be generated using either fully
resolved or approximate global simulations. The use of fully resolved simulations leads to an NTPFA method that corresponds
to global upscaling procedures, while the use of approximate simulations gives a method corresponding to recently developed
local–global techniques. For both approaches, NTPFA algorithms applicable to both single-scale full-tensor permeability systems
and two-scale systems are described. A unified framework is introduced, which enables single-scale and two-scale problems
to be viewed in a consistent manner. Extensive numerical results demonstrate that the global and local–global NTPFA techniques
provide accurate flow predictions over wide parameter ranges for both single-scale and two-scale systems, though the global
procedure is more accurate overall. The applicability of NTPFA to the simulation of two-phase flow in upscaled models is also
demonstrated. |
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| Keywords: | Two-point flux approximation (TPFA) Multipoint flux approximation (MPFA) Transmissibility Full-tensor permeability Heterogeneity Upscaling Multiscale Reservoir simulation Subsurface flow |
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