Twentieth Century Climate in the New York Hudson Highlands and the Potential Impacts on Eco-Hydrological Processes |
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Authors: | Kirsten Warrach Marc Stieglitz Jeffrey Shaman Victor C Engel Kevin L Griffin |
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Institution: | 1. Institut für Physik und Meteorologie (120), Universit?t Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany 2. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A. 3. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, U.S.A. 4. National Parks Service, Everglades National Park, Homestead, FL, U.S.A. 5. Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, New York, U.S.A.
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Abstract: | During the 20th century the northeastern U.S.A. has undergone an annual temperature increase of 1 °C, the combined effect
of winter warming and an increase in daily summer minimum temperatures. A significant cooling of spring through autumn in
maximum air temperatures is also evident since 1950. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to document these climate
trends and variability over the last century. A secondary objective is to provide a preliminary analysis of how these changes
may have impacted hydrologic and ecosystem processes. Specifically, with respect to ecosystem processes, we examine how the
cooling of daytime maximum temperatures may have impacted plant respiration and biomass accumulation. The study site is the
Black Rock Forest, an experimental forest located in Hudson Highlands of New York that has been maintained as a conservation
area over the last 100 years. For the region centered about the forest, there exists a climate/weather record and an extensively
maintained biomass record that extends continuously from the early part of the 20th century through present. With such an
extensive physical and biological record to draw from, this forest provides a microcosm for studying how changes in 20th century
local and regional climate may have impacted ecosystem processes such as species adaptation, biomass growth, and 20th century
carbon sequestration. In a subsequent paper we will more extensively explore the relationship between this record of changing
climate and eco-hydrological processes. |
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