Remote sensing of soybean stress as an indicator of chemical concentration of biosolid amended surface soils |
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| Authors: | BB Maruthi Sridhar Robert K Vincent Sheila J Roberts Kevin Czajkowski |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA;2. Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA |
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| Abstract: | The accumulation of heavy metals in the biosolid amended soils and the risk of their uptake into different plant parts is a topic of great concern. This study examines the accumulation of several heavy metals and nutrients in soybeans grown on biosolid applied soils and the use of remote sensing to monitor the metal uptake and plant stress. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted with soybeans grown on soils applied with biosolids at varying rates. The plant growth was monitored using Landsat TM imagery and handheld spectroradiometer in field and greenhouse studies, respectively. Soil and plant samples were collected and then analyzed for several elemental concentrations. The chemical concentrations in soils and roots increased significantly with increase in applied biosolid concentrations. Copper (Cu) and Molybdenum (Mo) accumulated significantly in the shoots of the metal-treated plants. Our spectral and Landsat TM image analysis revealed that the Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) can be used to distinguish the metal stressed plants. The NDVI showed significant negative correlation with increase in soil Cu concentrations followed by other elements. This study suggests the use of remote sensing to monitor soybean stress patterns and thus indirectly assess soil chemical characteristics. |
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| Keywords: | Biosolid Soybean Landsat Spectral reflectance Heavy metal |
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