Evolution of deghosting process for single‐sensor streamer data from 2D to 3D |
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| Authors: | Zhigang Zhang Hassan Masoomzadeh Bin Wang |
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| Institution: | 1. TGS‐NOPEC Geophysical Company, Houston, TX, USA;2. TGS‐NOPEC Geophysical Company, Bedford MK40 3JY, UK |
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| Abstract: | In marine acquisition, reflections of sound energy from the water–air interface result in ghosts in the seismic data, both in the source side and the receiver side. Ghosts limit the bandwidth of the useful signal and blur the final image. The process to separate the ghost and primary signals, called the deghosting process, can fill the ghost notch, broaden the frequency band, and help achieve high‐resolution images. Low‐signal‐to‐noise ratio near the notch frequencies and 3D effects are two challenges that the deghosting process has to face. In this paper, starting from an introduction to the deghosting process, we present and compare two strategies to solve the latter. The first is an adaptive mechanism that adjusts the deghosting operator to compensate for 3D effects or errors in source/receiver depth measurement. This method does not include explicitly the crossline slowness component and is not affected by the sparse sampling in the same direction. The second method is an inversion‐type approach that does include the crossline slowness component in the algorithm and handles the 3D effects explicitly. Both synthetic and field data examples in wide azimuth acquisition settings are shown to compare the two strategies. Both methods provide satisfactory results. |
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| Keywords: | Data processing Noise Signal processing Deghosting |
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