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PHYSICO‐GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF NEEM TREE SOILS AND RELATION TO ORGANIC PROPERTIES
Authors:WILLIAM C MAHANEY  JOAN VOROS  RAMANATHAN KRISHNAMANI  RONALD GV HANCOCK  SUSAN AUFREITER  MICHAEL W MILNER  CHRISTOPHER CR ALLEN
Institution:1. Quaternary Surveys, Thornhill, Ontario, Canada;2. Department of Geography, York University, N. York, Ontario, Canada;3. The Rainforest Initiative and Thesica Foundation, Tamil Nadu, India;4. Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;5. The Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;6. MWM Consulting, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;7. Queen's University Belfast, School of Biological Sciences, Belfast, UK
Abstract:The Neem tree, the oil of which has a long history of pesticide, fertilizer and medicinal use in India, has been studied extensively for its organic compounds. Here we present a physical, mineralogical and geochemical database resulting from the analyses of two Neem soil profiles (epipedons) in India. Neem tree derivatives are used in the manufacture of a variety of products, from anti‐bacterial drugs and insecticides to fertilizers and animal feeds. A preliminary geochemical and mineralogical analysis of Neem soils is made to explore the potential for chemical links between Neem tree derivatives and soils. Physical soil characteristics, including colour, texture and clay mineralogy, suggest the two pedons formed under different hydrological regimes, and hence, are products of different leaching environments, one well‐drained site, the other poorly drained. Geochemically, the two Neem soils exhibit similarities, with elevated concentrations of Th and rare earth elements. These elements are of interest because of their association with phosphates, especially monazite and apatite, and the potential link to fertilizer derivatives. Higher concentrations of trace elements in the soils may be linked to nutritional derivatives and to cell growth in the Neem tree.
Keywords:Neem tree  soil–  Neem relationships  geochemical processes  soil clay mineral composition
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