New aposematic and presumably repellent bark cockroach from Lebanese amber |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Illkovi?ova 6, Bratislava, 84104, Slovakia;2. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China;3. Lebanese University, Faculty of Science II, Fanar, Natural Sciences Department, Fanar – Matn, P.O. Box 26110217, Lebanon;1. Lerchenauerstr. 167, D-80935 München, Germany;2. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME) La Calera 1, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain;3. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas & Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC,UCM), c. José Antonio Nováis 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain;1. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China;2. Lebanese University, Faculty of Science II, Fanar, Natural Sciences Department, Fanar – Matn, PO Box 26110217, Lebanon;3. Muséum National d''Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB, UMR 7205 CNRS UPMC EPHE, CP50, Sorbonne Universités, 45 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France;1. Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 4, PL35-601 Rzeszów, Poland;2. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 39, East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, PR China;3. Steinmann Institute, University of Bonn, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany;4. Department of Palaeozoology, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 64, Wilcza Street, PL 00-679 Warszawa, Poland;1. Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze str., 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia;2. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China;3. Lebanese University, Faculty of Science II, Fanar, Natural Sciences Department, Fanar, Matn, PO Box 26110217, Lebanon;4. Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya emb. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia;5. CNRS UMR 7205, Muséum National d''Histoire Naturelle, CP 50, Entomologie, 45, rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France;1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, La;2. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, La;3. Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC;1. Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People''s Republic of China;2. Lebanese University, Faculty of Science II, Fanar, Natural Sciences Department, Fanar – Matn, PO Box 26110217, Lebanon;3. Département des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu – CS 93837, F-29238 Brest Cedex 3, France;4. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Kansas, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA |
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| Abstract: | Balatronis cretacea ?mídová et Lei, 2017 – ancestor of the repellent harlequin cockroach (Insecta: Blattaria) is reported in this issue as the earliest representative of the type cockroach family Blattidae in the Cenomanian Myanmar amber (98 Ma). Balatronis libanensis sp.n. from the Lebanese amber (130 Ma) extends the palaeogeographic (to Gondwana) and chronostratigraphic (to Early Cretaceous) range of this advanced Mesozoic bark cockroach and shifts the expected origin of the Blattidae to the J/K boundary. In relation also to the living harlequin Neostylopyga rhombidifolia, B. libanensis is primitive in being extremely small, less coloured and with well-developed wings. It has the standard cockroach head and rudimentary, but clearly visible plesiomorphic macula-like central ocellus (as the only representative of the modern Mesoblattinidae–Blattidae–Ectobiidae–Blaberidae lineage) and represents the earliest significant record of an aposematic and thus very probably also a repellent and/or poisonous insect. |
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| Keywords: | Fossil insects Blattodea Barremian Early Cretaceous Mesozoic Lebanese amber Gondwana Aposematic |
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