Predominance of archaea-derived hydrocarbons in an Early Triassic microbialite |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA;2. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;1. Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;2. Austrian Academy of Science, c/o Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstr. 26, 8010 Graz, Austria;3. Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;4. Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstr. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany;5. Department for Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;6. Parc de la Rouvraie 28, 1018 Lausanne, Switzerland;7. AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenzstr. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria;8. Geological Survey of Iran, Azadi Sq., Meraj-street, Tehran, Iran;1. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China;2. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA;1. Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, Austria;2. Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA;3. Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Austria;4. Department of Geology, Lund University, Sweden;5. Institute for Geology, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg, Germany;6. GeoZentrum Nordbayern - Section Paleobiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany;7. Parc de la Rouvraie 28, 1018 Lausanne, Switzerland;8. Institute of Geology and Paleontology, University of Innsbruck, Austria;9. Department for Paleontology, University of Vienna, Austria;10. Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran;11. Department of Geological Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey;12. Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom;13. Geobiologie, GZG, University of Göttingen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | We investigated the distribution of lipids in Lower Triassic sedimentary rocks (252–247 myr) from South China, including a shallow water microbialite in the uppermost section of the outcrop. Archaeal derived hydrocarbons were the major constituents of the microbialite from the latest Early Triassic. Among these, we detected (i) abundant C40 acyclic and monocyclic biphytanes (possibly derived from glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether lipids) and their degradation products, C30–39 pseudohomologues and (ii) a C25 head-to-tail linked (regular) isoprenoid hydrocarbon possibly derived from dialkyl glycerol diether lipids (DGDs)] and its degradation products, C21–24 pseudohomologues and abundant pristane and phytane. Through combination of compound-specific stable carbon isotope analysis of isoprenoid hydrocarbons, which had average δ13C values of ?35‰ to ?30‰, and their molecular distribution, it was not possible to unambiguously define the archaeal source for the biphytanes in the microbialite. The δ13C values for pristane and phytane were similar to those for head-to-tail linked C21–25 isoprenoids; potential source organisms for these compounds were halophilic archaea. Except for methane seep microbialites, no other ancient or recent phototrophic microbialites have been reported to contain predominantly archaeal isoprenoid hydrocarbons. Our findings suggest the presence of a new type of microbialite. |
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| Keywords: | Microbialite Isoprenoid hydrocarbons Early Triassic Archaea Organic geochemistry |
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