| 真实节水基本概念分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 周忠生.真实节水基本概念分析[J].地下水,2003,25(2):98-102. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周忠生 |
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| 作者单位： | 河北省馆陶县世行节水灌溉项目办公室,河北 馆陶 057750 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用世行贷款发展节水灌溉项目以来，项目区通过工程、农业和管理节水措施，取得显著的节水效果：一是不仅项目区，而且全县渠系水、田间水和灌溉水的有效利用系数大大提高，灌溉提取水量大幅度浅少，与此同时，农作物ET值不断下降，预计2010年ET值降到当地平均降雨量。二是灌区各部分耗水量发生显著变化，有项目以后，不仅灌溉提取水量，作物ET大幅度下降，而且深层渗漏也显著减少。三是真实节水效果显著：(1)净开采量大幅度浅少；(2)真实(资源)节水量不断增加；(3)作物ET值不断减少，尤其重要的是田间水的有效利用系数不断提高，无效蒸发相应减少。四是地下水超采状况显著好转，到2010年项目区可实现地下水的零超采，全县地下水下降幅度大大减小。
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| 关 键 词： | 真实节水 节水措施 水资源管理 农业用水 节水灌溉 ET值 水利用系数 耗水量 地下水利用 |
| 文章编号： | 1004-1184(2003)02-0098-05 |
Analysis on the Essential Concept of Real Water-Saving |
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| ZHOU Zhongsheng.Analysis on the Essential Concept of Real Water-Saving[J].Groundwater,2003,25(2):98-102. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Zhongsheng |
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| Institution: | Water Affairs Bureau of Guantao Country Hebei Province |
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| Abstract: | Since the implementation of China Water Covservation Project loaned by World Bank in Guantao county,the significant impact has been achieved through the engineering measures, agricultural measures and management measures in the project area.The first one of these achievements is not only the great improvement of use efficiency for canal system world, field water anl irrigating water,but also the large scope of reduction in irrigation groundwater withdrawn.And meanwhile, the crop ET (evapotranspiration) is continuing going down .It was estimated that the ET would decrease down to as low as local precipitation by 2010 .The second is the significant difference of water consumption in each part of the project area after the project began.That is the large reduction of irrigation groundwater exploitation and crop ET ,and the notably decreasing deep seepage as well.The third is obvious impact of real water-saving ,including the large reduction of net groundwater exploitation, continued increment of real water-saving(in the point of view of resources)and continued reduction of crop ET.The most important is the continued increment of the field water efficiency and corresponding reduction of valid evaporation. The forth is the significant improvement of groundwater over-drawn.It is expected that the groundwater over-drawn will be zero in the project area by 2010 and the extent of groundwater going-down will be much smaller in the whole county. |
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| Keywords: | real water-saving ET decreasing exploitation reducig groundwater balancing |
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