Stream response to subsidence from underground coal mining in central Utah |
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| Authors: | R C Sidle I Kamil A Sharma S Yamashita |
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| Institution: | (1) Departments of Forest Resources Management and Geography, 2424 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4 e-mail: sidle@interchange.ubc.ca, CA;(2) Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Technology Bandung, JL. Ganesa 10, Bandung, Indonesia, ID;(3) University of New South Wales, School of Civil Engineering, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia, AU;(4) Toyota National College of Technology, 2-1, Eisei-cho, Toyota, Aichi 471, Japan, JP |
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| Abstract: | Short-term geomorphic and hydrologic effects of subsidence induced by longwall mining under Burnout Creek, Utah were evaluated.
During the year after longwall mining, 0.3–1.5 m of subsidence was measured near impacted reaches of the mountain stream channel.
The major channel changes that occurred in a 700-m reach of Burnout Creek that was subsided from 1992 to 1993 were: (1) increase
in lengths of cascades and to a lesser extent glides; (2) increases in pool length, numbers and volumes; (3) increase in median
particle diameter of bed sediment in pools; and (4) some constriction in channel geometry. Most of the changes appeared short-lived,
with channel recovery approaching pre-mining conditions by 1994. In a 300-m reach of the South Fork that was subsided from
1993 to 1994, only channel constriction was observed, although any impacts on pool morphology may have been confounded by
heavy grazing in the riparian reaches during the dry summer of 1994. Similar near-channel sedimentation and loss of pool volume
between 1993 and 1994 were noted throughout Burnout Creek and in adjacent, unmined James Creek. Subsidence during the 3-year
period had no effect on baseflows or near-channel landslides.
Received: 10 April 1998 · Accepted: 21 September 1998 |
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| Keywords: | Longwall mining Channel morphology Landslides Aquatic habitat Wasatch Plateau |
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