| 大气有机氮沉降及其对海洋生态系统的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 石金辉,高会旺,张经.大气有机氮沉降及其对海洋生态系统的影响[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(7):721-729. |
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| 作者姓名： | 石金辉 高会旺 张经 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东,青岛,266003
2. 中国海洋大学化学与化工学院,山东,青岛,266003;华东师范大学河口与海岸国家重点实验室,上海,200062 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划);新世纪优秀人才支持计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 有机氮是大气中含氮物质的重要组成部分。大气中有机氮化合物的种类繁多，按其存在的形态可分为：氧化型、还原型以及生物/颗粒型有机氮，这些有机氮可来自自然源和人为源的直接释放，也可来自于无机氮与碳氢化合物间的大气化学反应。大气有机氮对海洋的输入不仅可以促进海洋初级生产力的增长、进而增加二氧化碳的吸收速率，还可能影响海洋生态系统的结构和功能。分析了海洋大气有机氮沉降的最新研究进展，结果表明：气溶胶中的有机氮在总氮中所占的比例为39.6%±14.7%；陆地雨水中以有机形式存在的溶解氮为30.2%±15.0%，而海洋上，溶解有机氮可达到雨水中总氮的62.8%±3.3%。可见，目前仅包括无机氮沉降的入海通量可能低估了1/3。因此，开展大气有机氮沉降的研究，有助于评价有机氮在全球氮循环中的作用，以及对海洋生态系统的短期和长期的影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 有机氮 大气沉降 有机气溶胶 雨水 氮循环 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-8166（2006）07-0721-09 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-12-26 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-12-262006-05-24 |
Atmospheric Organic Nitrogen Deposition and Significance in Marine Ecosystem |
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| SHI Jin-hui,GAO Hui-wang,ZHANG Jing.Atmospheric Organic Nitrogen Deposition and Significance in Marine Ecosystem[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2006,21(7):721-729. |
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| Authors: | SHI Jin-hui GAO Hui-wang ZHANG Jing |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China |
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| Abstract: | Organic nitrogen is a quantitatively important component in the atmospheric deposition. These organic forms of nitrogen both in wet and dry deposition can be divided into three types: oxidized, reduced and biological/particulate atmospheric organic nitrogen. They could be released directly from both natural and anthropogenic sources including terrestrial vegetation, soils, oceans, fertilizers, biomass burning and fossil-fuel combustion, and also produced through atmospheric reactions between NOx and volatile organic carbons. Atmospheric organic nitrogen may not only accelerate primary productivity and the corresponding enhanced anthropogenic CO2 uptake, but also affect ecosystem composition or function by its substantive deposition to the oceans. This paper has reviewed the results in the recent studies of organic nitrogen in atmospheric deposition. The compiled data set shows that organic nitrogen contributes up to 39.6%±14.7% of the total aerosol nitrogen. In rainwater from continental locations, 30.2%±15.0% of the dissolved nitrogen is present in organic forms, while in remote marine rains, organic nitrogen makes up 62.8%±3.3% of the total nitrogen in rain samples. Atmospheric nitrogen flux to the world's ocean would be one third more as compared to the previous estimation (only inorganic nitrogen) if organic nitrogen was considered. The studies of organic nitrogen in the atmospheric deposition would be helpful for evaluating the roles of organic nitrogen in the global atmospheric nitrogen budget and marine ecosystem on short or long time scale. |
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| Keywords: | Organic nitrogen Atmospheric deposition Organic aerosol Rainwater Nitrogen cycle |
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