| 三维强风暴动力-电耦合数值模拟研究Ⅱ:电结构形成机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙安平,言穆弘,张义军,张鸿发,黄美元.三维强风暴动力-电耦合数值模拟研究Ⅱ:电结构形成机制[J].气象学报,2002,60(6):732-739. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙安平 言穆弘 张义军 张鸿发 黄美元 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 兰州730000
(孙安平，言穆弘，张义军，张鸿发)，中国科学院大气物理研究所 北京100029(黄美元) |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目 ( 4 0 135 0 10和 49975 0 0 2 )，中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所创新项目 ( 2 10 0 37)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 文中利用文献 1]所建立的三维强风暴动力 -电耦合模式模拟研究了CCOPE(CooperativeConvectivePrecipita tionExperiment)计划 1981年 7月 19日的一次强雷暴过程 ,分析了该雷暴云中电结构的时空演变特征和形成机制 ,讨论了起电、降水和对流三者间的相互关系。结果表明 ,感应和非感应起电机制是雷暴云电结构形成的主要机制 ,冰相物的出现大大增强了雷暴中的起电过程。雷暴云中最大电场出现的时间与最大固态降水强度的出现基本同时 ,但比最大液态降水强度和最大上升速度出现的时间略有滞后 ,云中最大上升速度与最大液态降水强度基本同时出现。云中最大电场出现的时段正好是最大上升速度达到最大值后回落的阶段。雷暴云中起电活动的强弱还受云中微物理过程的发展和冰相物出现时间的影响 ,对流运动与起电过程的关系主要体现在对流运动影响着云中的凝结和冻结过程 ,从而与冰相物出现的时间有关。而仅仅依靠对流运动对正负离子的输送机制不可能产生云中接近放电的临界电场。
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| 关 键 词： | 起电机制 雷暴云 电结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2001/6/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2001/10/9 0:00:00 |
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THUNDERSTORM ELECTRIFICATION WITH A THREE-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMICS AND ELECTRIFICATION COUPLED MODEL II:MECHANISM OF ELECTRICAL STRUCTURE |
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| Sun Anping,Yan Muhong,Zhang Yijun,Zhang Hongfa and Huang Meiyuan.NUMERICAL STUDY OF THUNDERSTORM ELECTRIFICATION WITH A THREE-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMICS AND ELECTRIFICATION COUPLED MODEL II:MECHANISM OF ELECTRICAL STRUCTURE[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2002,60(6):732-739. |
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| Authors: | Sun Anping Yan Muhong Zhang Yijun Zhang Hongfa and Huang Meiyuan |
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| Institution: | Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000;Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000;Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000;Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000;Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029 |
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| Abstract: | In this paper, a new three-dimensional dynamics and electrification coupled model from reference 1] has been used for simulating a thunderstorm process by observations of July 19,1981 CCOPE(Cooperative Convective Precipitation Experiment).It analyzes the spatial and temporal development of electric structure within the thunderstorm and development mechanism, and discusses the interactions between electrification, convection and rainfall. Results indicate that inductive and non-inductive charging mechanism play a main role in evolution of electrical structure within thunderstorms, and the electric development depends highly on ice phase microphysical processes. The appearing time of maximal electric field is the same as appearing time of maximal solid rainfall density, but later than liquid and maximal ascending velocity. And the appearing time of maximal electric field is also the same as starting falling time of maximal ascending velocity .The interactions between electrification and convection mainly are that the convection can affect condensation and freezing processes in the clouds. |
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| Keywords: | Electrification mechanism Thunderstorms Electrical structure |
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