Sommerfeld enhancement of invisible dark matter annihilation in galaxies and galaxy clusters |
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| Institution: | 1. High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;2. The Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan;3. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan;4. Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea;5. Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan;6. Department of Physics, Kinki University, Higashi Osaka, Osaka, Japan;7. Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea;8. Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan;9. Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan;10. Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan;11. Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan;12. Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan;13. Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan;14. Department of Physics, Tokyo City University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan;15. Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia;p. Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan;q. Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan;r. Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, Korea;s. Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan;t. Department of Physical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan;u. Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;v. Engineering Science Laboratory, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan;w. Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon, Korea;x. Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow M.V. Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia;y. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University – The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA;z. Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan;1. Graduate School of Information Sciences, Hiroshima City University, Hiroshima, Japan;2. Service de Physique Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium;3. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan;4. National Institute of Radiological Science, Chiba, Japan;5. Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan;6. Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seodaaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea;7. Department of Physics, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan;1. Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Kraków, Poland;2. Institute for Nuclear Physics (IKP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany;3. Argelander Institute for Astronomy (AIfA), Bonn, Germany;1. Gran Sasso Science Institute, viale Francesco Crispi, 7 L’Aquila 67100 (AQ), Italy;2. Institute for Space Sciences (CSIC/IEEC), Barcelona E-08193, Spain;3. Dublin Institute of Advanced Studies, 10 Burlington Road, Dublin 4, Ireland;4. Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg D-69117, Germany;1. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;2. The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;3. Hiroshima University, Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan;4. Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Recent observations indicate that core-like dark matter structures exist in many galaxies, while numerical simulations reveal a singular dark matter density profile at the center. In this article, I show that if the annihilation of dark matter particles gives invisible sterile neutrinos, the Sommerfeld enhancement of the annihilation cross-section can give a sufficiently large annihilation rate to solve the core-cusp problem. The resultant core density, core radius, and their scaling relation generally agree with recent empirical fits from observations. Also, this model predicts that the resultant core-like structures in dwarf galaxies can be easily observed, but not for large normal galaxies and galaxy clusters. |
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