Classification of Japanese rivers by heavy metals in bottom mud |
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| Authors: | Fumi Tada Hideo Nishida Masaya Miyai Shizuo Suzuki |
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| Institution: | (1) Chemical Laboratory, Takasaki College of Economics, Takasaki-city, Gumma Tokyo, Japan;(2) Applied Statistics Laboratory, Nippon Institute of Technology, Miyashiro-machi, Saitama, Japan;(3) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Science University of Tokyo, Funagawara-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Bottom mud was collected from the upper and lower reaches of 92 rivers in Japan to determine the distribution of 0.5N-HCI-soluble
heavy metals. The average concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in the mud from the lower reaches were from two to three times
higher than those in the upper reaches. Japanese rivers were classified according to the degree of heavy metal pollution by
using the values of 0.5N-HCI-soluble metals in the lower reaches of rivers. The content of 0.5N-HCI-soluble heavy metals in
the mud of the upper reaches was used as the standard value. The classification of rivers was made by a cluster analysis according
to Euclidian distance. As a result, rivers in Japan could be classified into three groups based on the degree of metal pollution,
and the classification was in agreement with the pollution index. |
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